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In light of the decarbonization objectives in agriculture, environmental preservation, and the resulting challenges of economic sustainability and food security, both European (Farm to Fork) and French policies are encouraging a profound transition within agri-food systems. Consequently, the transformation of agricultural production methods has become imperative. This article delineates the landscape of transitioning farms across mainland France. It relies on a categorization of farms that integrates their agricultural production methods (organic or conventional) and their product marketing approaches (short circuits or long channels), drawing on data from the 2010 and 2020 agricultural censuses. The analysis yields a detailed map (INSEE canton level) illustrating the evolution of transitional farming from 2010 to 2020, opening the way for discussion on the factors favoring the emergence of certain transition types over others. The outcome reveals a complex geography influenced by sectoral factors such as adaptation to pedo-climatic conditions, agricultural policies, the influence of food chains and distribution channels, historical production system dynamics, and the significance of alternative agricultural networks. Additionally, non-sectoral factors stemming from the socio-residential environment, including proximity to urban centers, tourism, areas experiencing residential migration, and the socio-economic profile of resident populations, as well as local public policies, also play pivotal roles in shaping these transitional landscapes.Keywords: agriculture, territorial transition, typology, multivariate analysis, census
In light of the decarbonization objectives in agriculture, environmental preservation, and the resulting challenges of economic sustainability and food security, both European (Farm to Fork) and French policies are encouraging a profound transition within agri-food systems. Consequently, the transformation of agricultural production methods has become imperative. This article delineates the landscape of transitioning farms across mainland France. It relies on a categorization of farms that integrates their agricultural production methods (organic or conventional) and their product marketing approaches (short circuits or long channels), drawing on data from the 2010 and 2020 agricultural censuses. The analysis yields a detailed map (INSEE canton level) illustrating the evolution of transitional farming from 2010 to 2020, opening the way for discussion on the factors favoring the emergence of certain transition types over others. The outcome reveals a complex geography influenced by sectoral factors such as adaptation to pedo-climatic conditions, agricultural policies, the influence of food chains and distribution channels, historical production system dynamics, and the significance of alternative agricultural networks. Additionally, non-sectoral factors stemming from the socio-residential environment, including proximity to urban centers, tourism, areas experiencing residential migration, and the socio-economic profile of resident populations, as well as local public policies, also play pivotal roles in shaping these transitional landscapes.Keywords: agriculture, territorial transition, typology, multivariate analysis, census
La restitution de la continuité écologique des cours d’eau définie par la loi-cadre de 2016 a amené les services régionaux d’archéologie (SRA) à inventer un protocole d’étude sur les vestiges archéologiques menacés des milieux humides conforme aux procédures d’archéologie préventive. L’Inrap s’est adapté à ces nouvelles exigences, et le travail a été amorcé avec les nouveaux partenaires que sont les gestionnaires des cours d’eau. Dans ce contexte particulier, le potentiel archéologique reste mal évalué dans l’ensemble, et son atteinte mal mesurée. L’expérience de Nouvelle-Aquitaine relève d’une longue pratique en archéologie programmée et d’une organisation nouvelle incluant des personnels formés pour les interventions de terrain, du matériel et le recours à la détection sonar et à la géomatique.
Face aux objectifs de décarbonation de l’agriculture, de préservation de l’environnement et aux enjeux de viabilité économique et de sécurité alimentaire qui en découlent, les politiques européennes (Farm to fork) et françaises encouragent une transition en profondeur des systèmes agri-alimentaires. Dans ce contexte, la transformation des modes de production agricole devient une nécessité. Cet article présente une géographie des exploitations agricoles en transition en France métropolitaine. Il repose sur une typologie des exploitations agricoles combinant mode de production agricole (biologique ou conventionnel) et mode de commercialisation des produits (circuit court ou filière longue) à partir des données des recensements agricoles de 2010 et 2020. L’analyse propose une cartographie à échelle fine (canton INSEE) des trajectoires d’évolution sur la période 2010-2020 des agricultures en transition, ouvrant la voie à discussion sur les facteurs favorables à l’émergence certains types de transition plutôt que d’autres. Il en résulte une géographie complexe déterminée à la fois par des facteurs sectoriels (adaptation des systèmes aux conditions pédoclimatiques, politiques agricoles, poids des filières et des circuits de distribution alimentaire, histoire des systèmes de production, importance des réseaux agricoles alternatifs…) et des facteurs non sectoriels liés à l’environnement socio-résidentiel (proximité des zones urbaines, tourisme, espaces de migration résidentielle, niveau socio-économique des populations résidentes, etc.) ou à des politiques publiques locales.
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