Dysbiosis of the Urinary Bladder Microbiome in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease

Kim, Younjung; Carrai, Maura; Leung, Marcus H. Y.; Chin, Jaime; Li, Jun; Lee, Patrick K. H.; Beatty, Julia A.; Pfeiffer, Dirk U.; Barrs, Vanessa R.

doi:10.1128/msystems.00510-21

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Taxonomic profiles in the study urine samples were dominated by members of the Proteobacteria phylum, which is consistent with previous findings in both dogs and cats 19,20,60 . In contrast, the genera Lactobacillus and Gardnerella commonly dominate urotypes of women 25,61,62 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The final explanation for these subgroups is that distinct urinary subtypes (ie, urotypes) may exist in Miniature Schnauzers unrelated to urolith status, similar to the enterotypes previously detected in the gut microbiome 75 . Various urotypes have been identified in the urine of healthy men and women, 61,62,76,77 and more recently, in cats 60 . Because the study population was restricted to Miniature Schnauzers, it is also possible that such urotypes are unique to the breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“… 28 A preservative was not used in our study. Although other urine and urogenital microbiome studies in dogs and cats have been performed without such preservatives, 19 , 20 , 60 it is unknown how the lack of preservative affected the results of our study. Careful sample selection, uniform processing of the specimens, and stringent bioinformatic removal of putative contaminants were employed to mitigate technical biases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Taxonomic profiles in the study urine samples were dominated by members of the Proteobacteria phylum, which is consistent with previous findings in both dogs and cats. 19 , 20 , 60 In contrast, the genera Lactobacillus and Gardnerella commonly dominate urotypes of women. 25 , 61 , 62 These differences might be a result of variations in urine collection method, anatomic or hormonal differences between species, or other biological or environmental factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 75 Various urotypes have been identified in the urine of healthy men and women, 61 , 62 , 76 , 77 and more recently, in cats. 60 Because the study population was restricted to Miniature Schnauzers, it is also possible that such urotypes are unique to the breed. Given that these clusters were identified in a small population comprised only of a single breed, such urotypes should be validated in larger and more diverse datasets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the urogenital microbiome in Miniature Schnauzers with and without calcium oxalate urolithiasis

Coffey

Gómez

Burton

et al. 2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Calcium oxalate (CaOx) uroliths are common in dogs. Humans with CaOx urolithiasis exhibit alterations of the urinary and urogenital microbiomes that might mediate urolith formation. Detection of urogenital microbes associated with CaOx in dogs could inform disease pathophysiology. Objective: To identify compositional differences in the urogenital microbiome of Miniature Schnauzers with and without CaOx uroliths. Animals: Nineteen midstream, voided urine samples from Miniature Schnauzers with (n = 9) and without (n = 10) a history of CaOx urolithiasis. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study. Microbial DNA was extracted from previously frozen urine samples and sequenced for the bacterial 16S rRNA V3-V4 hypervariable regions. Diversity and composition of microbial populations were compared between urolith formers and controls. Results: Alpha and beta diversity measures were similar between groups. Five individual bacterial taxa differed in abundance (indicator values >0.5 and P < .05):Acinetobacter, 2 Geobacillus variants, and Hydrogenophaga were overrepresented in the urine of urolith formers, and Sphingopyxis was overrepresented in controls. Two distinct subtypes of urine microbial composition were observed based on beta diversity measures, independent of urolith status, and other clinical variables.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Although we did not detect a difference in the overall urogenital microbial composition between groups, observed differences in individual bacterial taxa might be clinically relevant. For example, Acinetobacter was overrepresented in urolith formers and is associated with CaOx urolithiasis in humans. Two unique clusters of the microbiome were identified, independent of urolith status, which may represent distinct urotypes present in Miniature Schnauzers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Characterization of the urogenital microbiome in Miniature Schnauzers with and without calcium oxalate urolithiasis

Coffey

Gómez

Burton

et al. 2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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In-depth characterisation of the urine metabolome in cats with and without urinary tract diseases

Kim

Barrs

et al. 2022

Metabolomics

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Introduction Our understanding of the urine metabolome and its association with urinary tract disease is limited in cats. Objectives We conducted a case–control study to characterise the feline urine metabolome, investigate its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC), and assess its compositional relationship with the urine microbiome. Methods The urine metabolome of 45 owned cats, including 23 controls, 16 CKD, and 6 FIC cases, was characterised by an untargeted metabolomics approach using high-performance chemical isotope labelling liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results We detected 9411 unique compounds in the urine of controls and cases and identified 1037 metabolites with high confidence. Amino acids, peptides, and analogues dominated these metabolites (32.2%), followed by carbonyl compounds (7.1%) and carbohydrates (6.5%). Seven controls from one household showed a significant level of metabolome clustering, with a distinct separation from controls from other households (p value < 0.001). Owner surveys revealed that this cluster of cats was fed dry food only, whereas all but one other control had wet food in their diet. Accordingly, the diet type was significantly associated with the urine metabolome composition in our multivariate model (p value = 0.001). Metabolites significantly altered in this cluster included taurine, an essential amino acid in cats. Urine metabolome profiles were not significantly different in CKD and FIC cases compared with controls, and no significant compositional relationship was detected between the urine metabolome and microbiome. Conclusion Our study reveals in-depth diversity of the feline urine metabolome composition, and suggests that it can vary considerably depending on environmental factors.

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Dysbiosis of the Human Urinary Microbiome and its Association to Diseases Affecting the Urinary System

Jayalath

Magana-Arachchi

2021

Indian J Microbiol

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Dysbiosis of the Urinary Bladder Microbiome in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 63 publications

Characterization of the urogenital microbiome in Miniature Schnauzers with and without calcium oxalate urolithiasis

Characterization of the urogenital microbiome in Miniature Schnauzers with and without calcium oxalate urolithiasis

In-depth characterisation of the urine metabolome in cats with and without urinary tract diseases

Dysbiosis of the Human Urinary Microbiome and its Association to Diseases Affecting the Urinary System

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