Dyspareunia and Its Comorbidities among Taiwanese Women: Analysis of the 2004–2010 Nationwide Health Insurance Database

Abstract

Introduction Most of the existing studies on dyspareunia only focus on qualitative observations. These measurement tools may not reflect the actual situation of dyspareunia in Taiwan. Aim This study aimed to estimate the incidence of dyspareunia in Taiwan and investigate dyspareunia-associated comorbidities using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Methods This study is a population-based retrospective cohort investigation. Main Outcome Measures We analyzed the 2004–2010 claims data on dyspareunia from the NHIRD. Dyspareunia was identified by outpatient visits using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (diagnosis code 6250). Patients who visited as outpatients with dyspareunia after the index date were considered to have comorbidities associated with dyspareunia medical conditions. The index events included vaginal disorders, vulvar disorders, uterine and ovarian factors, female genital organ and menstrual cycle disorders, menopause, and relative abdominopelvic organ disorders. The incidence of dyspareunia among different age groups was determined. The location and areas significantly related to the physical gynecology or relative pelvic organ causing the disease were also analyzed. Results A total of 978 females of different ages had experienced dyspareunia. The incidence of dyspareunia was higher among individuals aged 30–34 years. The findings of this study indicated that dyspareunia was comorbid with menopause, pelvic floor dysfunction, and most gynecological infections. In particular, the more common physical causes of dyspareunia were introitus and vaginal infections (19.95%), menopause (16.80%), female genital organ and menstrual cycle disorders (15.22%), and female pelvic organ infections (13.65%). Conclusions This study posits that women of all ages (20–70 years) experience painful sexual intercourse. This large-scale nationwide claims-based study showed that menopause and pelvic infection disorder were dyspareunia-related comorbidities. Moreover, gynecological infections and pelvic floor dysfunctions were associated with dyspareunia.

Effectiveness of Application of PLISSIT Counseling Model on Sexuality Among Women with Dyspareunia

“…Also approved with KR Mitchell et al [24] who studied Painful sex (dyspareunia) in women, prevalence and associated factors in a British population probability survey and found that proportion reporting painful sex is highest in young women (16-40 years). In addition, this findings are in the same line with Liu et al [25] who study dyspareunia and its comorbidities among Taiwanese women and found that the incidence of dyspareunia was higher among women aged 30-34 years. On the other hand, this findings is contradicted with Saboula and Shahin [26] who studied the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on women with dyspareunia and reveled that there were statistical significant differences between the studied groups regarding age.…”

Hormone replacement therapy and risk of atrial fibrillation in Taiwanese menopause women: A nationwide cohort study

“…However, we have validated these diagnoses in our previous study 16 26 . Previous studies have used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) 2000 to assess the epidemiology of AF or menopause 27 28 . Despite the fact that there was a bias from including the number of patients using LHID 2000 in different studies, reliability was higher and standardization of the methodology was similar among different studies 27 28 .…”

“…Previous studies have used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID) 2000 to assess the epidemiology of AF or menopause 27 28 . Despite the fact that there was a bias from including the number of patients using LHID 2000 in different studies, reliability was higher and standardization of the methodology was similar among different studies 27 28 . Furthermore, claims data can be used to identify patients with AF and menopause because of a high positive predictive value 26 29 .…”

Psychiatric Disorders in Female Psychosexual Disorders—A Nationwide, Cohort Study in Taiwan

“…The present study has several limitations that warrant consideration. First, similar to previous studies using the NHIRD on psychosexual disorders [15,[48][49][50], we were unable to evaluate the severity, weakness severity, laboratory parameters, or psychological assessments in the PSD patients, since the data were not recorded in the NHIRD. Second, the genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors, were not included in the dataset.…”