E-cigarettes: banning flavours is better than an outright ban

Rambaran, Kirin; Sakhamuri, Sateesh; Pereira, Lexley Pinto

doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(19)30359-5

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The e-cigarette products in the market usually offer a very wide variety of flavoring agents mixed with nicotine, which is one of the biggest health concerns of e-cigarettes ( Rambaran et al, 2019 ; Malik et al, 2021 ). Here, we aim to evaluate whether the social functioning is modified by ENDS with a flavoring compound.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menthol Flavor in E-Cigarette Vapor Modulates Social Behavior Correlated With Central and Peripheral Changes of Immunometabolic Signalings

Tian

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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The use of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) has been increasing dramatically worldwide. More than 8,000 flavors of e-cigarettes are currently marketed and menthol is one of the most popular flavor additives in the electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). There is a controversy over the roles of e-cigarettes in social behavior, and little is known about the potential impacts of flavorings in the ENDS. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of menthol flavor in ENDS on the social behavior of long-term vapor-exposed mice with a daily intake limit, and the underlying immunometabolic changes in the central and peripheral systems. We found that the addition of menthol flavor in nicotine vapor enhanced the social activity compared with the nicotine alone. The dramatically reduced activation of cellular energy measured by adenosine 5′ monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in the hippocampus were observed after the chronic exposure of menthol-flavored ENDS. Multiple sera cytokines including C5, TIMP-1, and CXCL13 were decreased accordingly as per their peripheral immunometabolic responses to menthol flavor in the nicotine vapor. The serum level of C5 was positively correlated with the alteration activity of the AMPK-ERK signaling in the hippocampus. Our current findings provide evidence for the enhancement of menthol flavor in ENDS on social functioning, which is correlated with the central and peripheral immunometabolic disruptions; this raises the vigilance of the cautious addition of various flavorings in e-cigarettes and the urgency of further investigations on the complex interplay and health effects of flavoring additives with nicotine in e-cigarettes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menthol Flavor in E-Cigarette Vapor Modulates Social Behavior Correlated With Central and Peripheral Changes of Immunometabolic Signalings

Tian

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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“…E-cigarette products in the market are usually offer a very wide variety of flavoring agents mixed with nicotine, which is one of the biggest health concern for e-cigarettes [36, 37]. We here aim to evaluate whether the rewarding effects of ENDS can be modified by flavoring compound in e-cigarette.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of chronic aerosol inhalation with combustible cigarette and e-cigarette on the psychiatric behaviors and neuroimmune profile in mice

Xu,

Ren,

Jing

et al. 2023

Preprint

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With the worldwide use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as a substitution for tobacco, the effects of e-cigarette vapor exposure on human health have been investigated. However, the comparison of long-term effects of aerosol inhalation with combustible cigarette and e-cigarette on the psychiatric behaviors has not been fully revealed. The present study examines the distinct effects of combustible cigarette and e-cigarette on anxiety, depression, cognition, and social behaviors. Here we found that the combustible cigarette induced the higher level of anxiety after long-term inhalation compared to the e-cigarettes with or without the tobacco flavor. Since the mechanism of action on the psychiatric behaviors entails the alterations on the neuroimmune-sensors and principal regulators such as glial cells, we further profiled the alterations of microglia and astrocytes by chronic inhalation of combustible tobacco cigarette, specifically the negative correlations between the IBA-1 level in the locus coeruleus (LC) and the latency to nest in VLT; as well as the GFAP level in LC and the open arm time in EPM were observed. Our current data provided an insight into the less impact of e-cigarettes on the anxiety-like behaviors and neuroimmune activation compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes which is not related to the flavor in e-cigarette, and the modulation on the neuroimmune signals in LC could be a therapeutic target for smoking-related anxiety.

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“…A ban on flavoured e-cigarettes may be seen as unpopular by some e-cigarette users whose flavours are impacted, but the current study and others suggest that policies limiting flavours in tobacco products could have a positive public health impact (eg, tobacco use reduction and decreased youth tobacco use). Indeed, proponents of e-cigarette use for smoking cessation or harm reduction suggest that eliminating flavoured e-cigarettes ‘enhances their safety profiles and maintains the avenue as a possible smoking cessation aid’48 and clinical laboratory studies demonstrate that tobacco flavoured e-cigarettes can suppress withdrawal in current cigarette smokers (eg, refs 49 50). Results from the current study may provide insights into e-cigarette users’ behaviours after flavour-limiting policies are implemented, with several behaviours highlighted in the current study already being documented after a ban on non-tobacco or non-menthol flavoured cartridge-based e-cigarettes in the USA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic cigarette users’ reactions and responses to a hypothetical ban of flavoured electronic cigarette liquids

et al. 2022

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BackgroundRegulations have been proposed to limit e-cigarette flavours, but limited research has examined potential impacts of such policies. This study examined adult e-cigarette users’ reactions to a hypothetical e-cigarette flavour ban.MethodsIn 2019, a convenience sample of current e-cigarette users in the USA (n=81, 53.1% women, mean age=37.6, 59.3% dual users of cigarettes) completed an online concept mapping study. Participants provided statements describing anticipated reactions to a hypothetical policy in which only tobacco, menthol or unflavoured e-cigarettes were available for purchase. Seventy-one unique statements were generated. Participants sorted statements into thematic groups and rated statements on how likely they would be to have each reaction. Multidimensional scaling was used to identify thematic clusters of statements.ResultsTwelve clusters were identified: negative reaction, take action against flavour limitation, youth prevention effectiveness perception, tolerance, acceptance, willingness to try new flavours, maintain vaping, reduce vaping, new flavours as vaping cessation transition, alternative sources for banned flavours, do-it-yourself mixing behaviours and alternative tobacco products. The highest rated cluster (negative reaction) described being angry or upset that flavours were banned, while the lowest rated clusters related to quitting/reducing e-cigarette use or switching to other tobacco products. Non-tobacco or non-menthol/mint flavoured e-cigarette users had higher ratings for clusters describing negative sentiment for the hypothetical policy.ConclusionsSome e-cigarette users may dislike an e-cigarette flavour ban; however, some e-cigarette users would likely be willing to use tobacco, menthol or unflavoured e-cigarette liquids with lower likelihood of quitting vaping or switching to other tobacco products.

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E-cigarettes: banning flavours is better than an outright ban

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Menthol Flavor in E-Cigarette Vapor Modulates Social Behavior Correlated With Central and Peripheral Changes of Immunometabolic Signalings

Menthol Flavor in E-Cigarette Vapor Modulates Social Behavior Correlated With Central and Peripheral Changes of Immunometabolic Signalings

Comparison of chronic aerosol inhalation with combustible cigarette and e-cigarette on the psychiatric behaviors and neuroimmune profile in mice

Electronic cigarette users’ reactions and responses to a hypothetical ban of flavoured electronic cigarette liquids

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