“…Awake self-proning has been described in small observational, mostly retrospective cohorts in non-COVID-19 [ 115 , 116 ] and COVID-19 [ 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 ] patients with acute hypoxemia. Turning the awake hypoxemic patient prone was feasible, safe [ 117 , 120 , 125 , 126 , 130 ] and in most cases improved oxygenation [ 117 , 119 , 120 , 125 , 126 , 128 , 129 ], with a mean PaO 2 /FiO 2 difference of 51.3 mmHg (95% CI 13.91–88.67) [ 131 ].…”