Early behaviorism and verbal mediating responses.

Goss, Albert E.

doi:10.1037/h0046798

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The present observations demonstrate that such verbal chains are important in determining the response pattern on still a third type of simple reinforcement schedule. They again point up both the ubiquity and the importance of covert mediating behavior in the operant behavior of man (cf., e.g., Bruner and Revusky, 1961;Goss, 1961;Hefferline, 1962;Luria, 1961).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECTS OF A CONCURRENT TASK ON FIXED‐INTERVAL RESPONDING IN HUMANS¹

Laties

Weiss

1963

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Subjects pressed a telegraph key to illuminate a meter dial on which pointer deflections appeared at fixed intervals. Upon detecting a deflection they were required to press another key to reset the pointer to zero. This detecting and resetting operation reinforced the behavior of pressing the light-flashing key (i.e., the observing responses). The usual pattern of responding on the light-flashing key was a long pause following the reinforcement and an abrupt transition to a steady response rate toward the end of the interval. When the subjects were required to perform a concurrent subtraction task, the pattern of responding changed in varying degrees, ranging from complete loss of typical fixed-interval behavior to a slight shortening of the post-reinforcement pause. These effects were attributed to the disruption of the self-produced verbal chains (counting or reciting) that ordinarily govern human behavior on this schedule.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECTS OF A CONCURRENT TASK ON FIXED‐INTERVAL RESPONDING IN HUMANS¹

Laties

Weiss

1963

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…verbal mediating mechanisms and the related topics of meanGg and meaningfulness will not be given detailed coverage since it would expand this paper greatly, and perhaps unnecessarily, to attempt to do justice to the literature on verbal mediation. A number of influential writers (Goss, 1961 ;Luria, 1961 ;Miller & Dollard, 1941 ;Osgood, 1957 ;Pavlov, 1955) have assumed, as is assumed here, that verbal mediators of skilled ~erformance differ from nonverbal mediators primarily in that the former operate at higher levels of performance organization. Accordingly, a later section of this paper briefly treats the application to verbal behavior of principles developed herein regarding nonverbal sensory feedback mediating mechanisms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…306-310). The reader interested in more detailed historical coverage of theorization concerning mediation by response-produced stimuli will find the review by Goss (1961) to be a useful source.…”

Section: Notationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory feedback mechanisms in performance control: With special reference to the ideo-motor mechanism.

Greenwald¹

1970

Psychological Review

656

531

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Four interpretations of the manner in which sensory feedback may be involved in regulation of skilled performance are reviewed. For the serial chaining (SC) and closed-loop (CL) mechanisms, response selection is assumed to occur on the basis of peripheral feedback from preceding correct and incorrect responses, respectively; for the ideo-motor (IM) and fractional anticipatory goal response (ro-sg) mechanisms, it is assumed that a response's performance is directed by anticipatory representation of its own feedback or of feedback from the reaction to a goal to which the response leads, respectively. Among the conclusions of the review are (a) evidence for ra-sa as a mechanism for specific response selection, as opposed to generalized facilitation or inhibition of instrumental performance, is lacking; (6) the notion of a mechanism for comparison of actual feedback with images of desired feedback is not essential for explaining error-correction performance which is characteristic of CL; (c) despite severe criticism by twentieth century behaviorists, the limited available evidence is quite supportive of a contemporary version of IM; and (d) IM, SC, and CL can be regarded as serving complementary performance control functions-selection or "programing" of voluntary performance (IM), coordination of action within invariant sequential performances (SC), and coordination of action within sequential performances requiring correction responses to error stimuli (CL).Analyses of the acquisition of skilled vol-closed-loop, and fractional anticipatory goal untary performance have frequently been response mechanisms, and gives particular formulated in terms of a transfer of perform-attention to a reformulation of the principle ance control from situational stimuli to re-of ideo-motor action. sponse feedback stimuli-that is, to intero-At the outset, certain boundaries of the ceptive or exteroceptive stimuli produced by present treatment should be marked off. the learner's own behavior. This paper re-First, verbal mediating mechanisms and the views four conceptions of the nature of sen-related topics of meaning and meaningfulness sory feedback mechanisms mediating volun-will not be given detailed coverage since it tary performance, including serial chaining, would expand this paper greatly, and perhaps ", .

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“…Il semble exister à ce sujet une certaine confusion. D'une part, il est vrai que les behavioristes ont rejeté certains concepts mentalistes parce qu'ils étaient inobservables mais ils ont en même temps employé des concepts théoriques inobservables (Goss, 1961). Watson emploie le concept de « covert behavior ».…”

Section: 22unclassified

Images et réalités du behaviorisme

Bélanger¹

1978

Philosophiques

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Early behaviorism and verbal mediating responses.

Cited by 25 publications

References 74 publications

EFFECTS OF A CONCURRENT TASK ON FIXED‐INTERVAL RESPONDING IN HUMANS¹

EFFECTS OF A CONCURRENT TASK ON FIXED‐INTERVAL RESPONDING IN HUMANS¹

Sensory feedback mechanisms in performance control: With special reference to the ideo-motor mechanism.

Images et réalités du behaviorisme

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Early behaviorism and verbal mediating responses.

Cited by 25 publications

References 74 publications

EFFECTS OF A CONCURRENT TASK ON FIXED‐INTERVAL RESPONDING IN HUMANS1

EFFECTS OF A CONCURRENT TASK ON FIXED‐INTERVAL RESPONDING IN HUMANS1

Sensory feedback mechanisms in performance control: With special reference to the ideo-motor mechanism.

Images et réalités du behaviorisme

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EFFECTS OF A CONCURRENT TASK ON FIXED‐INTERVAL RESPONDING IN HUMANS¹

EFFECTS OF A CONCURRENT TASK ON FIXED‐INTERVAL RESPONDING IN HUMANS¹