Early breast cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer remains a common disease throughout the world. Here we review new knowledge about early breast cancer obtained during the past 5 years. The prognosis of early breast cancer is generally favorable. Especially, ductal carcinoma in situ has been regarded as a non-life-threatening disease. Therefore, early diagnosis and early onset of the treatment has been important. Early age at menarche, late age at first birth, and late age at menopause are related to breast cancer risk. Examination by mammography and ultrasonography is still the most effective means of detection for premenopausal and postmenopausal women, respectively. Additionally, there have been important advances in MRI, sentinel lymph node biopsy, breast-conserving surgery, partial breast irradiation, neoadjuvant systemic therapy, and adjuvant systemic therapy. Another approach to keeping the disease under control is the elucidation of breast cancer's molecular biological features. Assessment of potential molecular targets can lead to early diagnosis and molecular targeted treatment.

Detection of breast cancer biomarkers in nipple aspirate fluid by SELDI-TOF and their identification by combined liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

“…In contrast, the same treatment is successful for early-stage breast cancer (1). Mammography has been shown to be the most effective screening tool for finding breast cancer early and for saving lives.…”

Incidence trend for breast cancer among young women in Goiânia, Brazil

“…7 Comparing this incidence with what has been found in other localities, the trend that it followed resembled the findings in some industrialized countries. 4,8,10 The incidence rates presented in this study differ slightly from the general incidence rates that we published previously, 7 given that in the present study, we used estimated extrapolations between censuses for the population in each year, whereas in the previous study we used the census population from the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IBGE).…”

“…Such factors contribute primarily to breast cancer among young women. 4 Also over recent years, the Brazilian media has been reporting that significant increases in breast cancer are occurring among young women of up to 35 years of age. 5,6 This news has given rise to concern and alarm among the Brazilian public.…”

“…Through these, subclinical lesions that perhaps would not have become clinically detectable, until the patient's death due to some other cause, can be diagnosed. 4,[14][15][16] It has been observed that certain risk factors influence the incidence of breast cancer within different age groups. 4,17,18 For postmenopausal women, increases in body mass index lead to increased risk of breast cancer.…”

“…4,[14][15][16] It has been observed that certain risk factors influence the incidence of breast cancer within different age groups. 4,17,18 For postmenopausal women, increases in body mass index lead to increased risk of breast cancer. 4,15,18 On the other hand, younger women aged between 15 and 30 years who have not had any child are more predisposed towards breast cancer through exposure to the action of carcinogenic agents such as ionizing radiation.…”