Early development of the thymus in <i>Xenopus laevis</i>

Lee, Young Ho; Williams, Allison; Hong, Chia Swee; You, Youngjae; Senoo, Makoto; Saint-Jeannet, Jean Pierre

doi:10.1002/dvdy.23905

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…1F, G, H). We also observed strong fluorescence in the developing thymus, which is known to be populated by CNC cells 24 , at stage ~53 ( Fig. 1H).…”

Section: Egfp Is Expressed In the Cnc Lineage Including Differentiatimentioning

confidence: 65%

A new transgenic reporter line reveals Wnt-dependent Snail2 reexpression and cranial neural crest differentiation in Xenopus

Perfetto

Materna

et al. 2019

Preprint

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During vertebrate embryogenesis, the cranial neural crest (CNC) forms at the neural plate border and subsequently migrates and differentiates into many types of cells. The transcription factor Snail2, which is induced by canonical Wnt signaling to be expressed in the early CNC, is pivotal for CNC induction and migration in Xenopus. However, snail2 expression is silenced during CNC migration, and its roles at later developmental stages remain unclear. We generated a transgenic X. tropicalis line that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) driven by the snail2 promoter/enhancer, and observed eGFP expression not only in the pre-migratory and migrating CNC, but also the differentiating CNC. This transgenic line can be used directly to detect deficiencies in CNC development at various stages, including subtle perturbation of CNC differentiation. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry confirm that Snail2 is reexpressed in the differentiating CNC. Using a separate transgenic Wnt reporter line, we show that canonical Wnt signaling is also active in the differentiating CNC. Blocking Wnt signaling shortly after CNC migration causes reduced snail2 expression and impaired differentiation of CNC-derived head cartilage structures. These results suggest that Wnt signaling drives the reexpression of snail2 in the post-migratory CNC and regulates CNC differentiation.

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“…1F, G, H). We also observed strong fluorescence in the developing thymus, which is known to be populated by CNC cells 24 , at stage ~53 ( Fig. 1H).…”

Section: Egfp Is Expressed In the Cnc Lineage Including Differentiatimentioning

confidence: 65%

A new transgenic reporter line reveals Wnt-dependent Snail2 reexpression and cranial neural crest differentiation in Xenopus

Perfetto

Materna

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…In all vertebrates studied so far, FoxN1 plays an essential role in thymus development (Ma et al, 2012;Neves et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2013;Romano et al, 2013). Moreover, in mammals, FoxN1 is essential for hair formation whereas it is also expressed in chick during feather development (Darnell et al, 2014).…”

Section: Foxn1/4a and Foxn2/3 Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Fox genes in the cephalochordate Branchiostoma lanceolatum

et al. 2015

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Forkhead box (Fox) genes code for transcription factors that play important roles in different biological processes. They are found in a wide variety of organisms and appeared in unicellular eukaryotes. In metazoans, the gene family includes many members that can be subdivided into 24 classes. Cephalochordates are key organisms to understand the functional evolution of gene families in the chordate lineage due to their phylogenetic position as an early divergent chordate, their simple anatomy and genome structure. In the genome of the cephalochordate amphioxus Branchiostoma floridae, 32 Fox genes were identified, with at least one member for each of the classes that were present in the ancestor of bilaterians. In this work we describe the expression pattern of 13 of these genes during the embryonic development of the Mediterranean amphioxus, Branchiostoma lanceolatum. We found that FoxK and FoxM genes present an ubiquitous expression while all the others show specific expression patterns restricted to diverse embryonic territories. Many of these expression patterns are conserved with vertebrates, suggesting that the main functions of Fox genes in chordates were present in their common ancestor.

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“…In fish, this gene is expressed in the epithelium of the endo dermal origin, which lines the third branchial arch (Boehm et al, 2003). Amphibians, unlike fish and mammals, are characterized by a late beginning of expression of this gene (Lee et al, 2013). In mammals, the foxn1 expression is associated exclusively with the thymic epithelium and begins at the early stages of development.…”

Section: Control Of Embryonic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymus development in early ontogeny: A comparative aspect

Васильев

Polevshchikov

2015

Russ J Dev Biol

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This review is dedicated to comparative analysis of the early stages of thymus ontogeny in fish, amphibians, and mammals. Morphological and molecular genetic aspects of the formation of thymic stroma, colonization of this organ with T cell progenitors, and interaction of different cell populations in the course of organogenesis are considered. Particular attention is given to the hematopoietic role of the thymus during embryogenesis and new data on the origin of T cell progenitors. The hypothesis about the possible presence in the organ of a self sustaining population of stem cells, formed regardless of fetal hematopoiesis areas, is discussed.

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Early development of the thymus in Xenopus laevis

Cited by 21 publications

References 59 publications

A new transgenic reporter line reveals Wnt-dependent Snail2 reexpression and cranial neural crest differentiation in Xenopus

A new transgenic reporter line reveals Wnt-dependent Snail2 reexpression and cranial neural crest differentiation in Xenopus

Expression of Fox genes in the cephalochordate Branchiostoma lanceolatum

Thymus development in early ontogeny: A comparative aspect

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