Early Embryogenesis in Flowering Plants: Setting Up the Basic Body Pattern

Lau, Steffen; Slane, Daniel; Herud, Ole; Kong, Jixiang; Jürgens, Gerd

doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042811-105507

Cited by 173 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 176 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

136

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Differential auxin transport and differential PIN polarity are crucial during early plant development (28). Cotyledon-directed PIN1 in the epidermis directs auxin transport toward incipient cotyledon initiation sites, whereas root-directed PIN1 in the inner cells helps to establish a critical auxin maximum that forms above the hypophysis (29).…”

Section: Pin1 Phosphorylation Can Be Detected At the Basal Domains Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic PIN-FORMED auxin efflux carrier phosphorylation at the plasma membrane controls auxin efflux-dependent growth

Weller

Zourelidou

Frank

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The directional distribution of the phytohormone auxin is essential for plant development. Directional auxin transport is mediated by the polarly distributed PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carriers. We have previously shown that efficient PIN1-mediated auxin efflux requires activation through phosphorylation at the four serines S1-S4 in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Brefeldin A (BFA)-sensitive D6 PROTEIN KINASE (D6PK) and the BFA-insensitive PINOID (PID) phosphorylate and activate PIN1 through phosphorylation at all four phosphosites. PID, but not D6PK, can also induce PIN1 polarity shifts, seemingly through phosphorylation at S1-S3. The differential effects of D6PK and PID on PIN1 polarity had so far been attributed to their differential phosphosite preference for the four PIN1 phosphosites. We have mapped PIN1 phosphorylation at S1-S4 in situ using phosphosite-specific antibodies. We detected phosphorylation at PIN1 phosphosites at the basal (rootward) as well as the apical (shootward) plasma membrane in different root cell types, in embryos, and shoot apical meristems. Thereby, PIN1 phosphorylation at all phosphosites generally followed the predominant PIN1 distribution but was not restricted to specific polar sides of the cells. PIN1 phosphorylation at the basal and apical plasma membrane was differentially sensitive to BFA treatments, suggesting the involvement of different protein kinases or trafficking mechanisms in PIN1 phosphorylation control. We conclude that phosphosite preferences are not sufficient to explain the differential effects of D6PK and PID on PIN1 polarity, and suggest that a more complex model is needed to explain the effects of PID.auxin transport | protein kinase | Arabidopsis | PIN1 | polarity T he phytohormone auxin is a central regulator of plant development and tropic growth (1, 2). Proper plant development strictly requires the directed cell-to-cell transport of auxin, which is achieved by a system of auxin influx and efflux transporters (1). AUXIN RESISTANT1 (AUX1)/LIKE-AUX1 (LAX) proteins are auxin influx transporters and PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins are auxin efflux transporters that may act together with ABC transporters (3-8). Auxin transport gains its directionality through the often polar distribution of the plasma membrane-resident PIN auxin efflux carriers, PIN1-PIN4 and PIN7 in Arabidopsis thaliana (1, 9). Directional auxin transport results in the formation of cellular auxin maxima and minima that provide essential cues for plant growth and differentiation at the level of individual cells and tissues (1, 2). PIN1 localizes to the basal (rootward) plasma membrane in root stele cells and directs auxin transport toward the root tip (3). PIN2 localizes differentially to the basal (rootward) and apical (shootward) plasma membrane in cortex and epidermis cells, respectively, and the opposing auxin transport streams in cortex and epidermis are important for gravitropic root growth (10, 11).Efficient PIN1-mediated auxin efflux requires activation by phosphorylation (12, 13). In the case...

show abstract

Section: Pin1 Phosphorylation Can Be Detected At the Basal Domains Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic PIN-FORMED auxin efflux carrier phosphorylation at the plasma membrane controls auxin efflux-dependent growth

Weller

Zourelidou

Frank

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Whether such universal stem cell markers exist in plants is also unclear. The development and maintenance of the SAM and RAM are thoroughly discussed in several excellent reviews (Aichinger et al, 2012;Lau et al, 2012;Perales and Reddy, 2012;Perilli et al, 2012;Wendrich and Weijers, 2013). Here, we focus on the first SAM and RAM determination steps in the developing embryo.…”

Section: Establishing the First Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building a plant: cell fate specification in the early Arabidopsis embryo

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Embryogenesis is the beginning of plant development, yet the cell fate decisions and patterning steps that occur during this time are reiterated during development to build the post-embryonic architecture. In Arabidopsis, embryogenesis follows a simple and predictable pattern, making it an ideal model with which to understand how cellular and tissue developmental processes are controlled. Here, we review the early stages of Arabidopsis embryogenesis, focusing on the globular stage, during which time stem cells are first specified and all major tissues obtain their identities. We discuss four different aspects of development: the formation of outer versus inner layers; the specification of vascular and ground tissues; the determination of shoot and root domains; and the establishment of the first stem cells.

show abstract

“…Plant epidermal identity is first established early during embryogenesis (Lau et al, 2012). In the model species Arabidopsis, the 'protoderm' (see Glossary, Box 1 and Fig.…”

Section: The Developmental Origins Of Plant Epidermal Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a ‘thick skin’: a paradoxical role for mechanical tension in maintaining epidermal integrity?

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plant aerial epidermal tissues, like animal epithelia, act as loadbearing layers and hence play pivotal roles in development. The presence of tension in the epidermis has morphogenetic implications for organ shapes but it also constantly threatens the integrity of this tissue. Here, we explore the multi-scale relationship between tension and cell adhesion in the plant epidermis, and we examine how tensile stress perception may act as a regulatory input to preserve epidermal tissue integrity and thus normal morphogenesis. From this, we identify parallels between plant epidermal and animal epithelial tissues and highlight a list of unexplored questions for future research.

show abstract

Early Embryogenesis in Flowering Plants: Setting Up the Basic Body Pattern

Cited by 173 publications

References 176 publications

Dynamic PIN-FORMED auxin efflux carrier phosphorylation at the plasma membrane controls auxin efflux-dependent growth

Dynamic PIN-FORMED auxin efflux carrier phosphorylation at the plasma membrane controls auxin efflux-dependent growth

Building a plant: cell fate specification in the early Arabidopsis embryo

Developing a ‘thick skin’: a paradoxical role for mechanical tension in maintaining epidermal integrity?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About