Early Holocene weakening and mid- to late Holocene strengthening of the East Asian winter monsoon

Kang, Shugang; Du, Junyi; Wang, Ning; Dong, Jibao; Wang, Duo; Wang, Xulong; Qiang, Xiaoke; Song, Yougui

doi:10.1130/g47621.1

Cited by 122 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The here presented evolution of both monsoonal systems during the Holocene stands in contrast to the previously argued persistent out-of-phase behaviour between EASM and EAWM for this time period 21 , 26 , 27 . In this scenario, a weakening of the EASM is generally considered to go hand in hand with a strengthened EAWM, and vice versa.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

A tale of shifting relations: East Asian summer and winter monsoon variability during the Holocene

Kaboth‐Bahr

Bahr

Zeeden

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Understanding the dynamics between the East Asian summer (EASM) and winter monsoon (EAWM) is needed to predict their variability under future global warming scenarios. Here, we investigate the relationship between EASM and EAWM as well as the mechanisms driving their variability during the last 10,000 years by stacking marine and terrestrial (non-speleothem) proxy records from the East Asian realm. This provides a regional and proxy independent signal for both monsoonal systems. The respective signal was subsequently analysed using a linear regression model. We find that the phase relationship between EASM and EAWM is not time-constant and significantly depends on orbital configuration changes. In addition, changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning circulation, Arctic sea-ice coverage, El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Sun Spot numbers contributed to millennial scale changes in the EASM and EAWM during the Holocene. We also argue that the bulk signal of monsoonal activity captured by the stacked non-speleothem proxy records supports the previously argued bias of speleothem climatic archives to moisture source changes and/or seasonality.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

A tale of shifting relations: East Asian summer and winter monsoon variability during the Holocene

Kaboth‐Bahr

Bahr

Zeeden

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Based on the high-resolution monthly Sr/Ca from three middle Holocene Tridacna squamosa specimens (A87, A165, and A276) from North Reef, northern SCS, the SST seasonality of three time-windows from the middle Holocene was reconstructed. (Kang et al, 2020), (b) grain-size index (GSI) from core Oki02 in the northwestern Pacific Ocean (Zheng et al, 2014), and (c) magnetic susceptibility of a sediment core from Lake Huguang Maar (Yancheva et al, 2007). (d) Reconstruction of Holocene mean annual SST in the northern SCS derived from long-chain unsaturated alkenones U K ′ 37 (Zhang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Reconstructed Sst Seasonality In the Northern Scs During The Middle Holocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Sea surface temperature seasonality in the northern South China Sea during the middle Holocene derived from high resolution Sr/Ca ratios of Tridacna shells

et al. 2021

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Seasonal climate variability is an important component of Earth's climate system, and has a significant impact on ecosystems and social systems. However, the temporal resolution of most proxy-based paleoclimate records is limiting to fully understand the past seasonal changes. Here, we used high-precision monthly resolution Sr/Ca records of three Tridacna squamosa specimens from the northern South China Sea (SCS) to reconstruct the sea surface temperature (SST) seasonality during three time periods from the middle Holocene. The results suggested that SST seasonality in the northern SCS during the middle Holocene (3.21 ± 0.98°C) was smaller than that for recent decades (AD 1994–2004, 4.32 ± 0.59°C). Analysis of modern instrumental data showed that the SST seasonality in the northern SCS was dominated by the winter SST, which was deeply influenced by the intensity of East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). A strong EAWM usually resulted in cooler winter SST and a larger SST seasonality in the northern SCS. The reconstructed Holocene EAWM records showed that the EAWM strengthened from the middle to late Holocene, which was seen in our reconstruction of less SST seasonality changes during the middle Holocene in the northern SCS. This study highlighted that the Sr/Ca ratios from Tridacna shells can be used as a potential high-resolution indicator of past seasonal climate changes.

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“…On the other hand, the EAWM brings cold air from the Eurasia which reduces the YS water temperatures through air‐sea interaction. Both proxy records and model simulation results suggest that the intensity of the EAWM wind over the northern East Asian marginal seas increased gradually from the middle to the late Holocene (Figure ) (Hao et al., 2017; Kang et al., 2020; Yancheva et al., 2007; Zhao et al., 2019), leading to an increased low‐latitude source water intrusion into the southern YS as inferred from the increased salinity of the southern Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass (T. Li et al., 2009; Xiang et al., 2008). Therefore, a gradual increase in BWTs at core Site A03‐B is expected due to an increased mixing ratio of low‐latitude warm water from the middle to the late Holocene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gradually Cooling of the Yellow Sea Warm Current Driven by Tropical Pacific Subsurface Water Temperature Changes Over the Past 5 kyr

Jia

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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The integrated effects of ocean‐atmosphere dynamics on the temperature evolution in the western North Pacific marginal seas have remained elusive. In order to study mechanisms controlling southern Yellow Sea (YS) temperature changes, bottom water temperature (BWT) changes were reconstructed for the last 8.8 kyr by using the TEXL86 index, which archives temperature signal of the winter season Yellow Sea Warm Current. Our results reveal a series of abrupt multi‐centennial to millennial scale BWT changes (∼1°C), superimposed on a gradual long‐term cooling (>3°C) trend starting from ∼5 ka to the present. The YS BWT changes are positively correlated with subsurface water temperature changes in the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). The Western Pacific Warm Pool subsurface water cooling signal was most likely transmitted by the Kuroshio Current into the southern YS, highlighting the role of WPWP in influencing thermodynamics of the extratropical regions during the Holocene.

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Early Holocene weakening and mid- to late Holocene strengthening of the East Asian winter monsoon

Cited by 122 publications

References 34 publications

A tale of shifting relations: East Asian summer and winter monsoon variability during the Holocene

A tale of shifting relations: East Asian summer and winter monsoon variability during the Holocene

Sea surface temperature seasonality in the northern South China Sea during the middle Holocene derived from high resolution Sr/Ca ratios of Tridacna shells

Gradually Cooling of the Yellow Sea Warm Current Driven by Tropical Pacific Subsurface Water Temperature Changes Over the Past 5 kyr

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