Early Hominin Paleoecology

Sponheimer, Matt; Lee‐Thorp, Julia A.; Reed, Kaye E.; Ungar, Peter S.

doi:10.5876/9781607322252

2013

DOI: 10.5876/9781607322252

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Early Hominin Paleoecology

Matt Sponheimer

Julia A. Lee‐Thorp

Kaye E. Reed³

et al.

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Cited by 2 publications

References 240 publications

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Population-specific social dynamics in chimpanzees

Leeuwen

Cronin

Haun

2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Understanding intraspecific variation in sociality is essential for characterizing the flexibility and evolution of social systems, yet its study in nonhuman animals is rare. Here, we investigated whether chimpanzees exhibit population-level differences in sociality that cannot be easily explained by differences in genetics or ecology. We compared social proximity and grooming tendencies across four semiwild populations of chimpanzees living in the same ecological environment over three consecutive years, using both linear mixed models and social network analysis. Results indicated temporally stable, population-level differences in dyadic-level sociality. Moreover, group cohesion measures capturing network characteristics beyond dyadic interactions (clustering, modularity, and social differentiation) showed population-level differences consistent with the dyadic indices. Subsequently, we explored whether the observed intraspecific variation in sociality could be attributed to cultural processes by ruling out alternative sources of variation including the influences of ecology, genetics, and differences in population demographics. We conclude that substantial variation in social behavior exists across neighboring populations of chimpanzees and that this variation is in part shaped by cultural processes.

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Population-specific social dynamics in chimpanzees

Leeuwen

Cronin

Haun

2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Experimental One-Sided Choppers Relating Neuromuscular Human Abilities to Heart Rates and Technological Evolution

Parra,

Morales,

Mar

et al. 2023

Humans

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The length of time it takes to experimentally make one-sided choppers, as found in the fossil record, bears a linear relationship to the knapping process of fabricating them. In addition, this temporal frame appears to be related to human heart rates measured as beats per minute, which act as a physiological metronome. We achieved these observations, assuming that any paleolithic one-sided chopper has the information needed to estimate, quantitatively, the number of strikes on it. The experimental data allow us to establish the total timing needed for the standard fabricating of any one-sided chopper. We discuss issues derived from these experimental results, showing the evolution of human neurological abilities from 2.4 million years ago to the Modern period via the duration of time needed for making one chopper to that needed to play a 19th-century music score on a piano. Given that the neuronal and physiological distance between both actions differs by a factor of 6, we propose the concept of “technome” to measure human evolution by using methodological homogeneous metrics applied to these two human technologic objects: the chopper and the piano.

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Early Hominin Paleoecology

Cited by 2 publications

References 240 publications

Population-specific social dynamics in chimpanzees

Population-specific social dynamics in chimpanzees

Experimental One-Sided Choppers Relating Neuromuscular Human Abilities to Heart Rates and Technological Evolution

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