Early impact of rotavirus vaccination in a large paediatric hospital in the UK

Hungerford, Daniel; Read, Jonathan M.; Cooke, R P D; Vivancos, Roberto; Iturriza‐Gómara, Miren; Allen, David J.; French, Neil; Cunliffe, Nigel A.

doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2015.12.010

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A recent systematic review has shown a significant impact of RV vaccination on hospitalisation, with reductions in numbers hospitalised of 65–84% across several European countries,5 and similar results have been seen in early UK data 6. However, the impact of the recently introduced RV vaccination in the UK, particularly on hospital inpatient activity and complications of RV infection, has not yet been widely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Impact of the introduction of rotavirus vaccination on paediatric hospital admissions, Lothian, Scotland: a retrospective observational study

Forrest¹,

Jones²,

Willocks

et al. 2016

Arch Dis Child

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Impact of the introduction of rotavirus vaccination on paediatric hospital admissions, Lothian, Scotland: a retrospective observational study

Forrest¹,

Jones²,

Willocks

et al. 2016

Arch Dis Child

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rotaviruses are, like noroviruses, agents of gastroenteritis, but the disease is commonly associated with children under the age of 5 where severe diarrhoea and vomiting can lead to over 10,000 hospitalizations per year in England and Wales (50). Since the introduction of the live-attenuated vaccine Rotarix, the incidence of gastroenteritis in England has declined, specifically for children aged <2 and during peak rotavirus seasons (51–53). Therefore, the discovery of a diverse assemblage of rotavirus genome segments in the wastewater samples here was less expected than the norovirus discovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viromic analysis of wastewater input to a river catchment reveals a diverse assemblage of RNA viruses

Adriaenssens

Farkas

Harrison

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

13Detection of viruses in the environment is heavily dependent on PCR-based 14 approaches that require reference sequences for primer design. While this strategy 15 can accurately detect known viruses, it will not find novel genotypes, nor emerging 16 and invasive viral species. In this study, we investigated the use of viromics, i.e. 17 high-throughput sequencing of the biosphere viral fraction, to detect human/animal 18 pathogenic RNA viruses in the Conwy river catchment area in Wales, UK. Using a 19 combination of filtering and nuclease treatment, we extracted the viral fraction from 20 wastewater, estuarine river water and sediment, followed by RNASeq analysis on 21 the Illumina HiSeq platform for the discovery of RNA virus genomes. We found a 22 the range of potentially pathogenic viruses that are present in the environment and 37 identify prevalent genotypes. The ultimate goal is to trace the fate of these 38 pathogenic viruses from origin to the point where they are a threat to human health, 39 informing reference-based detection methods and water quality management. 40Recent reviews have proposed the use of viral metagenomics or viromic approaches 58 as an alternative method to test for the presence of pathogenic viruses in the 59 environment (2, 9, 10). Provided the entire viral community is sampled and 60 4 sequenced, novel genotypes or even entirely novel viruses can be detected. 61Potential new viral markers for faecal contamination have already been revealed, 62 such as pepper mild mottle virus and crAssphage (11, 12), among the huge diversity 63 of human viruses found in sludge samples (13). 64In this pilot study, we have used viromics to investigate the presence of human 65 pathogenic RNA viruses in wastewater, estuarine surface water and sediment in a 66 single catchment. The water and sediment samples were collected at, and 67 downstream of, the wastewater treatment plant (Lanrwst, Wales, UK), at the estuary 68 of the river Conwy (Wales, UK) near Morfa beach (Figure 1). To our knowledge, this 69 is the first study to use unamplified environmental viral RNA for sequencing library 70 construction, sequence dataset production and subsequent analysis. Because we 71 used a directional library sequencing protocol on RNA, rather than amplifying to 72 cDNA, we were able to distinguish single-stranded from double-stranded RNA 73 genome fragments. 74

show abstract

“…Therefore, despite the rotavirus vaccine, diarrheal disease among children remains a notable burden, especially in low-income countries. The rotavirus vaccine managed to decrease the number of dehydrated children, hospital admissions, calls, and visits owing to AGE caused by rotavirus (21). The live-attenuated oral monovalent rotavirus vaccine was proven to be highly effective, providing 85% protection against severe AGE caused by rotavirus and 100% protection against the most severe episodes of dehydration (21,22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%