Early Introduction of Solid Feeds: Ingestion Level Matters More Than Prebiotic Supplementation for Shaping Gut Microbiota

Paës, Charlotte; Bebin, Karine; Duperray, Joël; Gohier, Charly; Guené-Grand, Emeline; Rebours, G.; Bouchez, Olivier; Barilly, Céline; Aymard, Patrick; Combes, Sylvie

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00261

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Interestingly, when compared with the control, YP treatment increased the abundance of Ruminococcaceae in the cecum. Similarly, Paes et al. (2020) reported significant higher abundance of Ruminococcaceae in rabbit fed with prebiotic supplementation contained MOS when compared with control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Yeast cell wall product enhanced intestinal IgA response and changed cecum microflora species after oral vaccination in chickens

Zhang

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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The study was designed to explore the effect of a commercial yeast cell wall product ( YP ) on chicken intestinal IgA response and cecum microbiome after oral vaccination. Chickens were fed with YP during the experiments and orally immunized with live Newcastle disease virus ( NDV ) vaccine at 2 wk of age. Then, the animals were sacrificed, and samples were collected to measure the indicators of hemagglutination inhibition ( HI ), IgA response, IgA + cells, and cecum microbiome populations. The results showed that supplement of YP significantly enhanced serum NDV HI titer, intestinal NDV-specific secretory IgA, and intestinal IgA + cells. The sequencing results revealed that obviously increased relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae and decreased population of Bacteroidaceae in cecum were found in YP group. In summary, YP supplementation in diet enhanced intestinal IgA response to NDV vaccination by oral route and modulated the cecum microbiota to the advantage of the host in chickens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Yeast cell wall product enhanced intestinal IgA response and changed cecum microflora species after oral vaccination in chickens

Zhang

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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“…There were 79 families present in the chicken caecal ecosystem of which 5 were classified as ‘unknown family’. However, only 13 families had a relative abundance of over 0.5% in at least one experimental group and were further considered for statistical analysis (Paës et al, 2020) (Figure 8a, Table S1). Compared to the Control group, the inoculation significantly halved the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae on 25 days chickens and doubled that of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae at 35 days of age while the establishment of the Monoglobaceae family was observed from D31 (Figure 8b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differentially abundant caecal bacterial genera 16S RNA gene sequences analyses revealed a total of 206 genera in the chicken caecal ecosystem of which 8 had multi-affiliation and 38 were classified as unknown genus is given a BLAST identity threshold of 97%. Thirty-five identified genera had a relative abundance of over 0.5% in at least one experimental group and were further considered for statistical analysis (Paës et al, 2020) (Figure 9, Table S1). Compared to the control group, the inoculation decreased the Escherichia-Shigella proportion at 25 days of age, those of Rombustia at 25 and 31 days of age, and the Clostridioides proportion at 31 days.…”

Section: Differentially Abundant Caecal Bacterial Familiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A carvacrol-based product reduces Campylobacter jejuni load and alters microbiota composition in the caeca of chickens

Allaoua

Bonnafé

Étienne

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aim This study was conducted to test the ability of a carvacrol‐based formulation (Phodé, France) to decrease the C. jejuni caecal load in inoculated broiler chickens and to study the impact of the C. jejuni inoculation alone or combined with the product, on the caecal microbiota. Methods and Results On day 1, chickens were either fed a control feed or the same diet supplemented with a carvacrol‐based product. On day 21, the carvacrol‐supplemented chickens and half of the non‐supplemented chickens were inoculated with C. jejuni (108 CFU). Quantitative PCR was used to quantify C. jejuni in chicken caecal samples and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was carried out at 25, 31 and 35 days of age. A significant decrease of 1.4 log of the C. jejuni caecal load was observed in 35‐day‐old chickens supplemented with the product, compared to the inoculated and unsupplemented group (p < 0.05). The inoculation with C. jejuni significantly increased the population richness, Shannon and Simpson diversity and altered beta‐diversity. Compared to the control group, the C. jejuni inoculation causes significant changes in the microbiota. The carvacrol‐based product associated with C. jejuni inoculation increased the diversity and strongly modified the structure of the microbial community. Functional analysis by 16S rRNA gene‐based predictions further revealed that the product up‐regulated the pathways involved in the antimicrobial synthesis, which could explain its shaping effect on the caecal microbiota. Conclusions Our study confirmed the impairment of the caecal bacterial community after inoculation and demonstrated the ability of the product to reduce the C. jejuni load in chickens. Further investigations are needed to better understand the mode of action of this product to promote the installation of a beneficial microbiota to its host. Significance and Impact of the Study Results suggested that this product could be promising to control C. jejuni contamination of broilers.

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“…In this regard, studies with germ-free animals have provided clear evidence that gut microbiota composition plays an essential role in full intestinal blood vessel development, in promoting development of B and T cells in Peyer's Patches of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), and in driving production of mucosal Ig (review by Martin et al, 2010). Breakthroughs in high-throughput sequencing technology in recent years have made it possible to investigate the rabbit microbiota composition throughout the digestive tract (Massip et al, 2012;Bäuerl et al, 2014;Zhu et al, 2015;Arrazuria et al, 2016;Combes et al, 2017;Crowley et al, 2017;Arrazuria et al, 2018;Jin et al, 2018;Velasco-Galilea et al, 2018;Mattioli et al, 2019;North et al, 2019;Read et al, 2019;Beaumont et al, 2020;Paës et al, 2020;Cotozzolo et al, 2021). In accordance with the different functions in each section of the digestive tract, microbial community composition is different.…”

Section: Microbiomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, in the distal segment of the digestive tract (sacculus rotundus, caecum and vermiform appendix), Firmicutes doubles its presence (~76%), whereas Bacteroidetes (~12%), Proteobacteria (~2%) and Actinobacteria (~1%) are reduced (see Table 6). Bibliography has reported that factors such as age, sex, food composition and texture, feed intake levels and drinking water temperature can remodel the composition of the gut microbiota (Combes et al, 2013(Combes et al, , 2017Zhu et al, 2015;Jin et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2018;Mattioli et al, 2019;North et al, 2019;Read et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019a;Beaumont et al, 2020;Paës et al, 2020;Cotozzolo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Microbiomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic factors of functional traits

2021

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Selection of functional traits is a challenge for researchers, but an increasingly necessary objective due to the growing concern regarding animal welfare and overcoming the problems of reducing antibiotic use in rabbit production without undermining the animals’ productivity. The aim of this review is to discuss the genetic control of resistance to diseases, longevity and variability of birth weight within a litter, or litter size variability at birth within doe, describing the selection programmes and the first results from a multi-omics analysis of resistance/susceptibility to diseases. The heritability is around 0.13 for longevity, 0.01 for uniformity in birth weight, 0.09 for litter size variability and around 0.11 for disease resistance. Genetic correlations between functional traits and production traits are mostly no different from zero, or are moderately favourable in some cases. Six selection programmes developed in three countries are reviewed. Line foundation with high pressure for selection or divergent selection experiments are different methodologies used, and favourable responses to selection have been achieved. Genomics studies have revealed associations in regions related to immune system functionality and stress in lines selected for litter size variability. Knowledge of the role of gut microbiota in the rabbit’s immune response is very limited. A multi-omics approach can help determine the microbial mechanisms in regulation immunity genes of the host.

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Early Introduction of Solid Feeds: Ingestion Level Matters More Than Prebiotic Supplementation for Shaping Gut Microbiota

Cited by 12 publications

References 79 publications

Yeast cell wall product enhanced intestinal IgA response and changed cecum microflora species after oral vaccination in chickens

Yeast cell wall product enhanced intestinal IgA response and changed cecum microflora species after oral vaccination in chickens

A carvacrol-based product reduces Campylobacter jejuni load and alters microbiota composition in the caeca of chickens

Genetic factors of functional traits

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