Yeast cell wall product enhanced intestinal IgA response and changed cecum microflora species after oral vaccination in chickens

Abstract

The study was designed to explore the effect of a commercial yeast cell wall product ( YP ) on chicken intestinal IgA response and cecum microbiome after oral vaccination. Chickens were fed with YP during the experiments and orally immunized with live Newcastle disease virus ( NDV ) vaccine at 2 wk of age. Then, the animals were sacrificed, and samples were collected to measure the indicators of hemagglutination inhibition ( HI ), IgA response, IgA + cells, and cecum microbiome populations. The results showed that supplement of YP significantly enhanced serum NDV HI titer, intestinal NDV-specific secretory IgA, and intestinal IgA + cells. The sequencing results revealed that obviously increased relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae and decreased population of Bacteroidaceae in cecum were found in YP group. In summary, YP supplementation in diet enhanced intestinal IgA response to NDV vaccination by oral route and modulated the cecum microbiota to the advantage of the host in chickens.

Dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves intestinal flora structure and barrier function of Pekin ducks

“…This might be one of the reasons why SC upregulated the RA of Ruminococcaceae. This was also consistent with the finding in other studies that yeast cell wall increased the RA of Ruminococcaceae in the intestine of broilers ( Bi et al, 2020 ). The main metabolites of Ruminococcaceae and Bacteroidetes ( Harrison et al, 2018 ; Wang C et al, 2021 ) in the intestine are Short-chain fatty acids, which help to promote the growth of intestinal epithelial cells and elevate the expression of tight junction proteins ( Miao et al, 2016 ; Del et al, 2021 ).…”

Transcriptome analysis of spleen in chickens administered β-glucan derived from yeast cell wall

“…Avian beta-defensins (AvBDs), also known as gallinacins, are small cationic peptides having three cysteine disul de bonds between their cysteine residues and play essential roles in the innate immune system [21]. The decreased expression of cathelicidins and betadefensin might be explained by the feedback regulation, in which the population of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides were reduced by yeast cell wall polysaccharide [5]. Similar results were found in other studies.…”

“…Immunomodulatory effect of polysaccharides from yeast cell wall have been demonstrated effective to change immune response and altered gut microbiota composition in chickens [9][10]. In our previous study, a yeast cell wall product contained β-glucan and MOS was found effectively to enhance intestinal IgA response to NDV vaccination and modulated the cecum microbiota by oral route [5]. However, only a few reports analyzed the mRNA expression of spleen after oral administration of yeast polysaccharides.…”

“…They are extensively used as growth promoters, antimicrobial agents or immunomodulator in poultry for the purpose of improving production and health [2][3][4]. We have previously shown that oral administration of PW220, a product contained yeast cell wall polysaccharides, enhanced immune responses elicited by Newcastle disease virus and changed microbial community of cecum in chickens [5]. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remained obscure.…”

Effects of yeast hydrolysate supplementation on intestinal morphology, barrier, and anti-inflammatory functions of broilers

“…Besides, yeast additives are probably supportive of immune hemostasis though medicating the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. Recent studies have found that yeast cell wall addition to feed improved serum immune response as well as intestinal integrity and immune function of animals [ 8 , 12 ]. Moreover, fractions or extracts of yeast cell wall including β-glucan and mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) could improve intestinal barrier, anti-inflammatory and immune functions as well as regulate the microflora in the hindgut in different animals [ 13 – 15 ].…”