1974
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.33.1504
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Early Tests of Scale Invariance in High-Energy Muon Scattering

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Cited by 60 publications
(29 citation statements)
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“…with the fine structure constant denoted α and f (y) = y 2 /[1 + (1 − y) 2 ]. The inelasticity y is related to Q 2 , x and the centre-of-mass energy squared, s = 4E e E p , by y = Q 2 /sx.…”
Section: Definitionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…with the fine structure constant denoted α and f (y) = y 2 /[1 + (1 − y) 2 ]. The inelasticity y is related to Q 2 , x and the centre-of-mass energy squared, s = 4E e E p , by y = Q 2 /sx.…”
Section: Definitionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For Q 2 2 GeV 2 , as the strong coupling constant α s (Q 2 ) increases, the higher order corrections to the perturbative expansion become large and lead to the breakdown of the pQCD calculations. Measurements at low Q 2 and low x thus probe this transition in which quarks and gluons cease to be relevant degrees of freedom.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Since the discovery of Bjorken scaling [1] and its violation [2] at fixed target experiments, much progress has been made in extending the kinematic range of measurements in terms of the Bjorken variable x and the modulus of four-momentum transfer squared Q 2 . The H1 and ZEUS experiments at the HERA ep collider have shown that the Q 2 evolution of the proton structure function F 2 (x, Q 2 ) is well described by perturbative QCD (pQCD) throughout a wide range in x and Q 2 [3][4][5][6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The smallness of R = σ L /σ T , the ratio of the cross sections from longitudinally and transversally polarised virtual photon scattering measured in DIS [ 3], provided the first evidence of the spin-1/2 nature of the partons. In 1974 in µN interactions [ 4] and in subsequent neutrino and muon-nucleon scattering experiments, the observation of scaling violation and the identification of partons as quarks and gluons has confirmed the field theory of quarks and gluons and their strong interactions, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 91%