Earth Observation for the World Cultural and Natural Heritage

Negula, Iulia Dana; Sofronie, R. A.; Virsta, Ana; Badea, Alexandru

doi:10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.08.114

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Monitoring is a vital process to highlight management success and identify management programs that need improvement once a property has World Heritage status [13,14]. Collecting and analyzing observations provides the information needed to assess how the site is performing over time with respect to a wide variety of social and ecological issues, allowing managers to adapt measures as necessary [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological Environment Assessment in World Natural Heritage Site Based on Remote-Sensing Data. A Case Study from the Bayinbuluke

et al. 2019

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Ecological environment assessment would be helpful for a rapid and systematic understanding of ecological status and would contribute to formulate appropriate strategies for the sustainability of heritage sites. A procedure based on spatial principle component analysis was employed to measure the ecological status in Bayinbuluke; exploratory spatial data analysis and geo-detector model were introduced to assess the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and detect the driving factors of the ecological environment. Five results are presented: (1) During 2007–2018, the average values of moisture, greenness, and heat increased by 51.72%, 23.10%, and 4.99% respectively, and the average values of dryness decreased by 56.70%. However, the fluctuation of each indicator increased. (2) The ecological environment of Bayinbuluke was improved from 2007 to 2018, and presented a distribution pattern that the heritage site was better than the buffer zone, and the southeast area was better than the northwest area. (3) The ecological environment presented a significant spatial clustering characteristic, and four types of spatial associations were proposed for assessing spatial dependence among the samples. (4) Elevation, protection partition, temperature, river, road, tourism, precipitation, community resident, and slope were statistically significant with respect to the changes in ecological status, and the interaction of any two factors was higher than the effect of one factor alone. (5) The remote-sensing ecological index (RSEI) could reflect the vegetation growth to a certain extent, but has limited ability to respond to species structure. Overall, the framework presented in this paper realized a visual and measurable approach for a detailed monitoring of the ecological environment and provided valuable information for the protection and management of heritage sites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of these applications employed a single ecological factor, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index or the land surface temperature [28,29]. Given the complexity of the system, a synthetic indicator would be better for undertaking a comprehensive consideration of various factors [14,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Environment Assessment in World Natural Heritage Site Based on Remote-Sensing Data. A Case Study from the Bayinbuluke

et al. 2019

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“…We find This study has been mainly concerned with evaluating flood hazards in the Angkor region based on the multi-criteria evaluation system and the FHI model. During the past two decades, the monitoring of the World Heritage sites using Earth observation data offers definite benefits, namely the coverage of very large areas, the systematic investigation and the multi-scale accurate detection [47]. The characteristics of SAR data, which can be obtained in all-weather real-time and are not hindered by cloud cover, provide great convenience for flood monitoring in cloudy areas such as Southeast Asia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Hazard Mapping and Assessment on the Angkor World Heritage Site, Cambodia

Liu

Chen

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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World Heritage sites in general are exposed to the impacts of natural hazards, which threaten their integrity and may compromise their value. Floods are a severe threat to the Angkor World Heritage site. Studies of regional floods and flood hazard zoning have played an increasingly important role in ensuring sustainability of the Angkor site. This study developed a flood hazard index (FHI) model based on a geographic information system (GIS) and used synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to extract historical floods at Angkor from 2007 to 2013. Four indices (flood affected frequency, absolute elevation, elevation standard deviation, drainage density) were used to identify flood-prone areas. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Delphi method were employed to determine the weight of each index. The weighted indices were then used to develop a distribution map of flood hazards at Angkor. The results show that 9 monuments are at risk by potential floods among the 52 components of the Angkor monuments. The high hazard and moderate-to-high hazard areas in the core zone are mainly located surrounding the West Baray but will not bring direct risk impact on the monuments located in the core archaeological zone. The moderate hazard areas are located on both sides of the Siem Reap and Roluos rivers and in the flooded area of the Tonle Sap Lake in the core archaeological zone. These areas cover 19.4 km2, accounting for 9.13% of the total area of the core zone. This moderate hazard zone poses a greater flood threat to the core zone and must be given higher attention. The buffer zone is a small area with fewer sites. As such, flooding has a low impact on the buffer zone. The methods used in this study can be applied to flood hazard assessments of other heritage sites in Southeast Asia.

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“…To overcome several barriers, economic tightness included, innovative technologies and methods are needed to be implemented for acquiring reliable results in various scales: from a territorial level to the level of the monument itself. Several examples are found in the literature related to the use of non-contact and non-destructive techniques for monitoring cultural heritage sites [1]. In [2], earth observation was applied to detect illegal looting actions taken place in the historical city of Uruk, while in [3] earth observation was applied to map and monitor changes in the type and extent of land cover/use and habitat classes, which can be related to human pressures in cultural heritage sites over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Space to Ground. Digital Techniques for the Investigation of Monuments and Sites

Lysandrou

Αγαπίου

Kyriakides

et al. 2018

10th International Symposium on the Conservation of Monuments in the Mediterranean Basin

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The scope of this work is to present an integrated methodological multi-scale and multi-temporal approach for the study of ancient monuments in their environmental context. The presented work showcases the interdisciplinary research experience gained during the last years by the Remote Sensing and Geo-Environment Lab (ERATOSTHENES Research Centre) of the Cyprus University of Technology. The developed capabilities of the Eratosthenes Research Centre derived from the successful implementation of various national and European research projects within the wider area of architectural heritage study and protection. In this framework geospatial tools, earth observation and in situ monitoring and measurements were merged and further investigated. The case study concerns Paphos town in Cyprus and particularly the archaeological site of Nea Paphos and the Hellenistic necropolis "Tombs of the Kings", a UNESCO World Heritage Site.The study encompasses a variety of technological tools to approach the area of interest, moving from a landscape level (macroscale) to isolated monument scale (micro-scale). For the macro-scale approach novel earth observation and aerial image (semi-macro scale) processing techniques have been employed, while in a micro-scale level the study extents from the geometric documentation of the tombs to the image processing mapping surface weathering features, as well as seismic performance of single monuments. The overall results demonstrate that such geospatial data linked to the individual characteristics of each monument can assist towards the implementation of various directives and conventions, while offering an integrate understanding of the monuments state of preservation, not seen as an isolated unit, but as part of its natural and anthropogenic environment, inevitably affecting its viability in time and place. High resolution Low resolution Medium resolution Archive aerial images Recent very high resolution orthophotos 3D documentation Seismic performance Façade image processing (a) Fig. 3. Map indicating anthropogenic and natural hazards over Paphos District as follow: (a) Landsides map: very high hazard and high hazard areas are indicated with red; (b) Erosion map: areas where the soil loss is greater than the mean value soil loss of the whole district are indicated with red ; (c) Salinity map: areas closesly to the sea are indicated with red; (d) Tectonic activity: high and very high hazard area are indicated with red; (e) Urban expansion; (f) Road network proximity (250 m); (g) Drainage network (50 meter buffer zone) and (h) Fires map observed during the period 2010-2013 (see more details in [4]).The overall results, generated hazard maps for each type of threat which was then grouped together following the AHP methodology [4]. These results were then further improved [6], based on the clustering of the monuments prior to the AHP evaluation. The various archaeological sites under investigation (including those mentioned in this paper) have been grouped into five main categories based on thei...

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Earth Observation for the World Cultural and Natural Heritage

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Ecological Environment Assessment in World Natural Heritage Site Based on Remote-Sensing Data. A Case Study from the Bayinbuluke

Ecological Environment Assessment in World Natural Heritage Site Based on Remote-Sensing Data. A Case Study from the Bayinbuluke

Flood Hazard Mapping and Assessment on the Angkor World Heritage Site, Cambodia

From Space to Ground. Digital Techniques for the Investigation of Monuments and Sites

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