Earthworms newly from Mongolia (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae, Eisenia)

Blakemore, Robert J.

doi:10.3897/zookeys.285.4502

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…cox1 sequences of two individuals of E. fetida from Paratunka were identical to those of the specimens from Denmark (GenBank accessions FJ214216 and FJ214217), France (GU013880 and GU013881), and also to three specimens of E. . The molecular problems with several previous studies of taxonomic components of the A. caliginosa, E. fetida, and E. nordenskioldi species complexes were commented on by Blakemore et al (2010) and by Blakemore (2013). One of the individuals was identified as Dendrodrilus rubidus subrubicundus; its cox1 sequence differed from that of Dendrodrilus rubidus from Europe (DQ092900) by eight substitutions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…While those two subspecies were once considered simply different pigmentation forms of the same species (Malevich 1956;Perel 1979), it was later discovered that they have different ploidy levels (E. nordenskioldi pallida is diploid and E. nordenskioldi nordenskioldi is polyploid) and have different ecological properties (Vsevolodova-Perel and Bulatova 2008;Blakemore 2013;Vsevolodova-Perel and Leirikh 2014). The worms we found were epigeic, while E. nordenskioldi pallida is known to be strictly endogeic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Invasive lumbricid earthworms of Kamchatka (Oligochaeta)

2014

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Background: Invasive earthworms often have huge ecological impact, especially when they colonize previously earthworm-free zones. Kamchatka is a remote and weakly populated region whose invertebrate fauna is insufficiently studied. We investigated earthworm diversity in several natural and anthropogenic habitats of Kamchatka by morphological analysis and barcoding using the mitochondrial cox1 gene. Results: We added four new species (Dendrobaena octaedra, Dendrobaena attemsi, Lumbricus rubellus, and Aporrectodea caliginosa) and one subspecies (Dendrodrilus rubidus subrubicundus) to the four earthworm species known previously from this region. Moreover, this is the first report of Dendrobaena attemsi in Asia. We found one mtDNA haplotype for each Eisenia fetida, Dendrodrilus rubidus subrubicundus, and Dendrodrilus rubidus tenuis; two significantly diverged haplotypes for Dendrobaena octaedra and A. caliginosa; and three for L. rubellus. In addition, cox1 sequences of Eisenia nordenskioldi nordenskioldi, the only earthworm species that could be of native origin, were identical to those of Eisenia nordenskioldi pallida from Khakassia and Tuva.Conclusions: Molecular genetic analysis demonstrated that all earthworms found by us are of invasive origin, and for some of them, there were most probably several independent introduction events. This turned out to be true even for E. nordenskioldi, the species that was earlier considered to be native to this region. Our results suggest it might be possible that the whole earthworm fauna of Kamchatka is of invasive origin, which makes it a good model for studying the effects of earthworm invasions into previously earthworm-free regions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Invasive lumbricid earthworms of Kamchatka (Oligochaeta)

2014

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“…Lineage 4 Lineage 7 Unpigmented specimens of E. n. mongol and E. n. onon described by R. Blakemore (2013) Точные границы ареала E. n. nordenskioldi в Европе уста-новить непросто, так здесь он весьма редок (Перель, 1979). Пока мы имеем выборки лишь из небольшого числа точек с Урала, а также с Восточно-Европейской равнины, самые западные из которых находятся в Саратовской и Владимирской областях (см.…”

Section: Lineageunclassified

“…Судя по последовательностям ДНК, оба подвида относятся к на-званной выше линии 8 E. n. nordenskioldi. Интересно, что при довольно близком генетическом родстве оба новых подвида имеют лишь розоватую окраску на передних 15 сегментах тела (Blakemore, 2013), в то время как наши образцы из Бурятии и Иркутской области имели бурую окраску. Эти данные также говорят о возможной лабиль-ности признака пигментации.…”

Section: восточная сибирьunclassified

Genetic diversity of the earthworm Eisenia nordenskioldi (Lumbricidae, Annelida)

Shekhovtsov¹,

Берман²,

Голованова³

et al. 2017

Vestn. VOGiS

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Eisenia nordenskioldi (Eisen, 1879) is the most widespread earthworm species in Siberia. It inhabits a wide range of habitats, from tundra to forest steppe, and is characterized by high morphological, ecological, and karyotypic diversity. E. nordenskioldi is usually divided into two subspecies, the pigmented E. n. nordenskioldi and the unpigmented E. n. pallida; a set of Eisenia species with a close diagnosis was also isolated from E. nordenskioldi in the last fifty years. This high diversity makes this species a promising model for studying earthworm speciation and evolution. In this study, we review all available information on the genetic and ecological diversity of E. nordenskioldi, including our published and unpublished data, as well as studies of other authors. We demonstrate that each subspecies of E. nordenskioldi (E. n. nordenskioldi and E. n. pallida) can be divided into several genetic lineages based on differences in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. The studied lineages diverged several million years ago, and population groups within each lineage, hundreds of thousands years ago. We report distributions and genetic patterns for each of the detected genetic lineages. Subspecies E. n. nordenskioldi and E. n. pallida are most probably non-monophyletic, and the pigmentation character is labile and possibly independently evolved in different lineages. We also propose hypotheses on the interplay of its observed genetic diversity with morphological and ecological variation, as well as on the relationships of E. nordenskioldi with certain species of the genus Eisenia. Based on the available information, we attempt to present a general outlook on E. nordenskioldi genetic structure and further directions of its study.Key words: earthworms; Eisenia nordenskioldi; Eisenia nordenskioldi pallida; Lumbricidae; Russia, cox1.Eisenia nordenskioldi (Eisen, 1879) -наиболее распространенный вид дождевых червей в Сибири. Он встречается в различных экосистемах, от тундр до лесостепей, и обладает значительной морфологической, экологической и кариотипической изменчи-востью. E. nordenskioldi подразделяют на два подвида -пигменти-рованный E. n. nordenskioldi и непигментированный E. n. pallida; из-вестны также несколько видов рода Eisenia с близким диагнозом, ранее входивших в состав вида. Все это позволяет использовать данный вид в качестве удобной модели для изучения процессов видообразования и эволюции дождевых червей. В предлагаемой статье обобщена вся имеющаяся информация о генетической и экологической изменчивости E. nordenskioldi, в том числе и наши неопубликованные данные. Показано, что каждый из подвидов E. nordenskioldi (E. n. nordenskioldi и E. n. pallida) можно подразделить на несколько филогенетических линий на основании изменчиво-сти митохондриальной и ядерной ДНК. Эти линии дивергировали несколько миллионов лет назад, а время расхождения популя-ций внутри каждой из линий может составлять несколько сотен тысяч лет. Для выявленных линий приведены ареалы и паттерны генетической изменчивости в разных регионах. Подвиды...

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“…Blakemore (2003;2012a-f;2013a;2013b;2014), and attempts to use genetic barcodes of primary types or neotypes for definitive species identity (Hebert et al, 2003;Blakemore, 2013c). Current specimens are from mountains such as Seoraksan (alt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%