Easy-to-make sulfonatoalkyl viologen/sodium carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel-based electrochromic devices with high coloration efficiency, fast response and excellent cycling stability

Xiao, Sixuan; Zhang, Yujie; Ma, Long; Zhao, Shuai; Wu, N. J.; Xiao, Dingquan

doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.108055

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The maximum transmittance variation achieved for the flexible EC system reported in the present work (i.e., 55.8%) is in the range of that obtained for rigid-glass devices and overruns that reported for flexible plastic substrates. The switching times of the EC system described herein were in the range of the latter, while the color efficiencies were close to the former [47,52]. These results prove that the room-temperature self-standing cellulose hydrogel employed in the present work may be a potential electrolyte for all-in-one ECDs.…”

Section: Electrochromic Devices (Ecds)supporting

confidence: 73%

“…In this context, the development of cellulose-based hydrogel electrolytes suitable for all-in-one ECDs may be the more environmental approach to maintain all these exceptional features [ 40 , 41 ]. However, the main reported devices employed layered-type configurations using rigid-glass substrates [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. In this context, it is worth to point out that the ECDs comprising cellulose hydrogel electrolytes reported herein are based on all-in-one configurations employing flexible substrates (ITO/PET).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Room-Temperature Self-Standing Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

et al. 2020

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The trend of research towards more sustainable materials is pushing the application of biopolymers in a variety of unexplored fields. In this regard, hydrogels are attracting significant attention as electrolytes for flexible electrochemical devices thanks to their combination of ionic conductivity and mechanical properties. In this context, we present the use of cellulose-based hydrogels as aqueous electrolytes for electrochemical devices. These materials were obtained by crosslinking of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with divinyl sulfone (DVS) in the presence of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), creating a semi-IPN structure. The reaction was confirmed by NMR and FTIR. The small-amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) technique revealed that the rheological properties could be conveniently varied by simply changing the gel composition. Additionally, the hydrogels presented high ionic conductivity in the range of mS cm−1. The ease of synthesis and processing of the hydrogels allowed the assembly of an all-in-one electrochromic device (ECD) with high transmittance variation, improved switching time and good color efficiency. On the other hand, the swelling ability of the hydrogels permits the tuning of the electrolyte to improve the performance of a printed Zinc/MnO2 primary battery. The results prove the potential of cellulose-based hydrogels as electrolytes for more sustainable electrochemical devices.

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Section: Electrochromic Devices (Ecds)supporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room-Temperature Self-Standing Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

et al. 2020

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“…[ 25 ] Previous work developing ECDs used ionic liquids, organic solvents, or polymer gels, [ 18 ] to dissolve the EC molecules, electrolytes, and a redox complimentary component. An attractive alternative is the use of simpler water‐based systems that are more cost‐effective and safe, such as carboxymethylcellulose sodium [ 17 ] or PVA/borax [ 7,9,12,13 ] as water‐based polyelectrolytes to create electrochromic hydrogels. These hydrogels reduce leakage risk while still allowing for good electrical conductivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 6 ] Although inorganic materials possess some of these qualities, there is currently a larger focus on organic materials because of high contrast, [ 7 ] fast response, [ 7 ] processability, [ 8,9 ] and cost‐efficiency. [ 9 ] Previously researched EC organic molecules include benzonitriles, [ 10 ] symmetric and asymmetric viologens, [ 7,9,11–17 ] thioxathone viologens, [ 18 ] and the heterocycle in this study, thiazolothiazoles (TTz's). [ 19 ] There has also been a large interest in EC polymers, including those utilizing TTz, [ 4,5,20 ] thiophene, [ 21 ] and benzothiadiazole moieties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obtaining Reversible, High Contrast Electrochromism, Electrofluorochromism, and Photochromism in an Aqueous Hydrogel Device Using Chromogenic Thiazolothiazoles

Adams

Brotherton

Molai

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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There have been an increasing number of materials developed that show multifunctional chromogenic properties (such as electrochromism, electrofluorochromism, or photochromism), but to date, few materials have shown all three properties. Materials that are electrochemically and optically active are attractive for a diverse set of applications that include smart‐windows, lighting, sensing, energy production, and conservation. This is especially attractive for building developers interested in adaptive or environmentally responsive façades. Achieving systems made from cost‐effective, readily synthesized materials will make them easy to utilize in a variety of fields. Low‐cost devices are developed using water‐soluble, chromogenic thiazolo(5,4‐d)thiazole (TTz) dyes that show high device performance in three areas: electrochromism, electrofluorochromism, and photochromism and are all contained within a highly fluorescent aqueous polyvinyl alcohol/borax hydrogel device. The dyes incorporate a rigid, heterocyclic TTz structure that enables the development of devices with excellent reversibility and stable cycling for 250 cycles. The TTz hydrogel‐containing devices also exhibit photochromism under illumination, which can be electrochemically cycled back to the colorless state. In addition, coupling photochromism with electrochromism lowers the power necessary for a comparable electrochromic color change. Last, the hydrogel‐containing devices also show electrofluorochromism, where fluorescence can be turned off by > 90%.

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“…Acta, vol. 298, S. Zhao, W. Huang, Z. Guan, B. Jin and D. Xiao, A novel bis(dihydroxypropyl) viologen-based all-in-one ECD with high cycling stability and coloration efficiency, pages 533-540, Copyright 2019, with permission from Elsevier.Scheme 7 The synthesis of viologens SEV and SPV 36.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water soluble organic electrochromic materials

Welsh

Draper

2021

RSC Adv.

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Easy-to-make sulfonatoalkyl viologen/sodium carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel-based electrochromic devices with high coloration efficiency, fast response and excellent cycling stability

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Room-Temperature Self-Standing Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

Room-Temperature Self-Standing Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Devices

Obtaining Reversible, High Contrast Electrochromism, Electrofluorochromism, and Photochromism in an Aqueous Hydrogel Device Using Chromogenic Thiazolothiazoles

Water soluble organic electrochromic materials

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