Eating Disorders in Men with HIV Infection

Ramsay, Noreen; Catalán, José; Gazzard, Brian

doi:10.1192/bjp.160.3.404

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…They also note the difficulty in distinguishing the symptoms of HIV-1 infection, pre-existing eating disorders, and malnutrition secondary to either disorder. Ramsay et al (1992) report four men with HIV-1 infection whose illnesses exacerbated the symptoms of their eating disorder. They note that such comorbidity may result in misclassification as AIDS wasting syndrome, leading to inappropriate treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The diagnosis of HIV-1 seropositivity has been construed as a negative major life event, and the literature contains several cases where eating disorders have been exacerbated or even instigated by such a diagnosis (Ramsay, Catalan, & Gazzard, 1992;Fornari & Katz, 1992). We describe a case of bulimia nervosa in which HIV-1 seropositivity provided sustained motivation for recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

HIV-1 seropositivity and eating disorders: A case report

Morgan

Lacey

1998

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

HIV-1 seropositivity and eating disorders: A case report

Morgan

Lacey

1998

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

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“…Since, the relationship between the decreased levels of dopamine in the CNS and cognitive dysfunctions caused by HIV-1 are not clearly understood, we investigated the status of dopamine in different regions of post mortem brains of HIV-1 infected patients who were assessed for cognitive performance during life. Furthermore, among HIV-1 infected individuals mental health and behavioral problems are widely prevalent and are characterized by disruption of mood [19,20] , depressive symptoms, major depression [21] , eating disorders [22] , and aggressive and suicidal behaviors [23] . Although a number of social factors (social stigma, financial burdens, and the recognition that it is a fatal disease), have been associated with the mental disturbances in HIV-1 infected patients [24] , investigations on the relationship between the behavioral problems and deficits in serotonin functions caused by HIV-1 infection, have received limited attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1 Infection and Central Monoamine Neurotransmitters

Kumar¹,

Fernandez²,

Borodowsky³

et al. 2007

American J. of Infectious Diseases

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enters the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after infection and gets localized in different brain regions, leading to various types of neuropathological problems. It has been hypothesized that HIV-1 infection mediated neuropathogenesis may also adversely affect the activity of the central monoamine neurotransmitters systems, such as dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin), resulting in neurocognitive deficits and mental health problems. However, investigations are scarce with respect to the status of these neurotransmitters in the CNS of HIV-1+ individuals, particularly in those patients who had received antiretroviral therapy (ART) during life. Since, mental health problems and neurocognitive and neuropsychological deficits continue to persist even after ART intervention, it is pertinent to determine the CNS status of the neurotransmitters associated with these functions. We determined the neurotransmitters, dopamine and its metabolite, homovanillic acid (HVA) in different brain regions of a group of autopsied cases of HIV-1+ and HIV-1 negative controls, using highly sensitive CoulArray HPLC-ECD system. Distribution of HIV-1 viral RNA in these brain regions was also measured using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) technology with high sensitivity of detection (<5 copies of RNA). In a separate study we reported measurement of 5-HT (serotonin) and its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained during life of neurologically asymptomatic HIV-1 infected patients and controls. A substantial decrease and a wide variation in the concentration of DA as well as its metabolite, homovanillic acid (HVA) was found in the autopsied brain regions of HIV-1 infected individuals. Wide variation was also found in HIV-1 RNA concentrations in different brain regions with no specific pattern observed in any region. Brain regions of HIV-negative individuals showed no detectable viral RNA. Majority of HIV-1+ individuals had demonstrated neurocognitive impairment during life despite ART intervention. A significant decrease in 5-HT concentration was also found in the CSF of HIV-1 infected patients. These studies demonstrate that HIV-1 infection adversely affects the central DA and 5-HT systems.

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“…Among HIV-1-infected individuals, estimated to be about 4 million in the world and about 1 million in the US, behavioral problems and mental health symptoms are a common occurrence. The most prevalent and frequently reported behavioral problems are disruption of mood [3,4], depressive symptoms, major depression [4][5][6][7][8], eating disorders [9,10], sexual dysfunction [11,12], and aggressive and suicidal behaviors [13]. However, the etiology of neuropsychiatric symptomatology in HIV-1 infection is very complex since many psychosocial factors are largely believed to contribute to the behavioral problems [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal Fluid 5-Hydroxytryptamine and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in HIV-1 Infection

Kumar¹,

Berger²,

Eisdorfer³

et al. 2001

Neuropsychobiology

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Reduced level of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in humans has been associated with a number of mental health and behavioral problems including depression, aggression, violence, sexual dysfunctions, sleep and eating disorders. Even though among HIV-1-infected individuals, prevalence of mental health and behavioral problems are common, their relationship with central nervous system serotonin functions is not clearly understood. This investigation was carried out to study the status of CSF 5-HT in HIV-1+ subjects (n = 21), in the early stage of infection, and HIV-1– control subjects (n = 24). Samples of CSF were obtained by lumbar puncture and were analyzed for 5-HT and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), using high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with electrochemical detector. Levels of CSF 5-HT were significantly lower in the HIV-1+ group compared to the HIV-1– group. There was no significant difference in the CSF 5-HIAA levels between the two groups. In both groups, however, there was a significant correlation between CSF 5-HT and 5-HIAA. In the HIV-1 + group, although CSF 5-HT level was significantly negatively correlated with serostatus, there was no correlation between either CSF 5-HT or 5-HIAA levels and CD4 cell number or any behavioral measures evaluated in this study, including Beck’s Depression Inventory and state/trait anxiety scores. These data suggest that HIV-1 infection affects the CNS 5-HT status with no significant association with measures of depression and anxiety, at least in the early stage of infection.

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Eating Disorders in Men with HIV Infection

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

HIV-1 seropositivity and eating disorders: A case report

HIV-1 seropositivity and eating disorders: A case report

HIV-1 Infection and Central Monoamine Neurotransmitters

Cerebrospinal Fluid 5-Hydroxytryptamine and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid in HIV-1 Infection

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