Ebola and other viral haemorrhagic fevers

Fletcher, Tom; Brooks, Timothy; Beeching, Nicholas J.

doi:10.1136/bmj.g5079

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Despite the severity of the symptoms, a 56% survival rate may be seen in the present outbreak, but considerably higher rates have been seen in previous outbreaks; for example, in Uganda, the case fatality rate for Bundibugyo strain infections was only 25% and in Europe it was only 22%, mainly due to proper intensive care with appropriate supportive therapy ( 14 – 16 ).…”

Section: The Diseasecontrasting

confidence: 51%

How can health systems be strengthened to control and prevent an Ebola outbreak? A narrative review

Regmi

Gilbert

Thunhurst

2015

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases are now more than ever considered threats to public health systems. There have been over 20 outbreaks of Ebola in the past 40 years. Only recently, the World Health Organization has declared a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in West Africa, with a projected estimate of 1.2 million deaths expected in the next 6 months. Ebola virus is a highly virulent pathogen, often fatal in humans and non-human primates. Ebola is now a great priority for global health security and often becomes fatal if left untreated. This study employed a narrative review. Three major databases – MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Global Health – were searched using both ‘text-words’ and ‘thesaurus terms’. Evidence shows that low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are not coping well with the current challenges of Ebola, not only because they have poor and fragile systems but also because there are poor infectious disease surveillance and response systems in place. The identification of potential cases is problematic, particularly in the aspects of contact tracing, infection control, and prevention, prior to the diagnosis of the case. This review therefore aims to examine whether LMICs’ health systems would be able to control and manage Ebola in future and identifies two key elements of health systems strengthening that are needed to ensure the robustness of the health system to respond effectively.

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Section: The Diseasecontrasting

confidence: 51%

How can health systems be strengthened to control and prevent an Ebola outbreak? A narrative review

Regmi

Gilbert

Thunhurst

2015

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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“…The high mortality rate and rapid extension of disease from its origin in West Africa to remote countries call for attention to properly manage the situation 1,2,3 . One of the difficulties in management of the infection is the limited knowledge on its clinical features.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatry problem is not the chief clinical presentation of 2014 Western Africa Ebola virus infection

Joob¹,

Wiwanitkit

2015

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…VHFs are a diverse group of zoonotic and human illnesses in which fever and bleeding are hallmark clinical features [ 18 ]. Although the viral pathogens varied widely, they share some common features of the clinical manifestation and disease progression, with thrombocytopenia as one of the features [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between thrombocytopenia and host response in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome

Dai

Yang

et al. 2020

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus, SFTS virus (SFTSV), with fatal outcome developed in approximately 17% of the cases. Thrombocytopenia is a hallmark feature of SFTS, and associated with a higher risk of fatal outcome, however, the pathophysiological involvement of platelet in the clinical outcome of SFTS remained under-investigated. In the current study, by retrospectively analyzing 1538 confirmed SFTS patients, we observed that thrombocytopenia was associated with enhanced activation of the cytokine network and the vascular endothelium, also with a disturbed coagulation response. The platelet phenotypes were also extensively altered in the process of thrombocytopenia development of SFTS patients. More importantly, all these disturbed host responses were related to the severity of thrombocytopenia, thus were considered to play in a synergistic way to influence the disease outcome. Moreover, the clinical effect of platelet transfusion was assessed by comparing two groups of patients with or without receiving this therapy. As a result, we observed no therapy effect in altering frequencies of fatal outcome, clinical bleeding development, or dynamic change of platelet count during the hospitalization. It’s suggested that platelet supplementation alone acted a minor role in improving disease outcome, therefore new therapeutic intervention to regulate host response should be proposed. The current results revealed some evidence of interrelationship between platelet count and clinical outcome of SFTS disease from the perspective of activation of the cytokine network, the vascular endothelium, and the coagulation/fibrinolysis system. These evaluations might help to attain a better understanding of the pathogenesis and therapy choice in SFTS.

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Ebola and other viral haemorrhagic fevers

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

How can health systems be strengthened to control and prevent an Ebola outbreak? A narrative review

How can health systems be strengthened to control and prevent an Ebola outbreak? A narrative review

Neuropsychiatry problem is not the chief clinical presentation of 2014 Western Africa Ebola virus infection

Correlation between thrombocytopenia and host response in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome

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