EC/OC and PAHs Emissions from a Modern Diesel Engine with DPF Regeneration Fueled by 10% RME Biodiesel

Abstract

In this study, the effect of using a blended biodiesel fuel containing 10% rapeseed methyl ester (RME) on the composition and quantity of the chemicals emitted by a modern diesel engine was investigated. The diesel engine that was utilized fulfilled Japan's Post New Long Term emission standards and was equipped with an after-treatment system comprising a diesel oxidation catalyst and a catalyzed diesel particulate filter (c-DPF). Using the Japanese JE05 transient cycle as the testing cycle, the exhaust gas was sampled for three different states: when the after-treatment system was not deployed, termed "engine-out" (due to the sampling location); when the after-treatment system was deployed, termed "tailpipe-out" (likewise due the sampling location); and when the after-treatment system was deployed and the c-DPF was regenerating, termed "regen". Evidence from this study indicated that the use of 10% RME biodiesel had no significant impact on the emissions of CO, CO 2 , the total hydrocarbons, and NO x , which are regulated, regardless of the sampling state. However, the emissions of elemental carbon, organic carbon, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are unregulated, showed some effects. During engine-out and tailpipe-out, emissions of the elemental carbon species EC2 were slightly lower when using the biodiesel blend than the petroleum diesel (D) fuel; however, an increase in the organic carbon species OC1 and OC2 and in some PAHs was observed during regen because of the sizable consumption of the biodiesel blend compared to D fuel. These results confirm that 10% RME biodiesel is a promising alternative to fossil fuels for diesel engines, but it is important to grasp the behavior of individual components and carefully investigate the effects of increased mixing ratios.

Characteristics of particle emissions from light duty diesel vehicle fueled with ultralow sulphur diesel and biodiesel blend

“…Generally, this study observed low EFs of OC and EC from the exhaust particulate samples, suggesting that the DPF has a high effectiveness to remove particulate exhaust emissions. Shibata et al (2019) measured the carbonaceous aerosols emission from an engine with DPF and oxidation catalyst, and reported a reduction of 99.7% EC and 91.8% OC for diesel fuel, and 99.5% EC and 87.8% OC for B10 rapeseed methyl ester biodiesel blend, respectively. In this study, it was found that the EC contents emitted from both B0 and B5 fuels were very close to the detection limit over all three driving cycles.…”

Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel Vehicles

“…It is highly likely that these particles are heavy hydrocarbons from incomplete combustion during the late fuel injection to regenerate the filter. High concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have also been detected during active regenerations [49]. Regeneration studies have identified fueloriginated hydrocarbons [45], but low-volatility oil hydrocarbons have been also measured in significant amounts [10].…”

“…filter. High concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have also been detected during active regenerations [49]. Regeneration studies have identified fueloriginated hydrocarbons [45], but low-volatility oil hydrocarbons have been also measured in significant amounts [10].…”

Review of morphological and chemical characteristics of particulates from compression ignition engines

“…Diesel and D90B10 PMs exhibited higher EC2 than other EC. 267 Under DPF regeneration conditions, OC increased due to an additional fuel supply. BC and OM reduced with increasing λ in diesel engines.…”