Ecdysone synthesis and release by the brain-ring gland complex of blowfly larvae

Käuser, Gerd; Brandtner, H.M.; Bidmon, Hans‐Jürgen; Koolman, Jan

doi:10.1016/0022-1910(88)90060-1

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Both octopaminergic and GABAergic signaling are known to influence the production and/or release of hormones involved in dormancy regulation, i.e. dILPs 29 , 49 – 51 , 66 as well as ecdysone 52 , 53 , 67 , so these neurotransmitters might affect dormancy via modulating these hormones.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aminergic Signaling Controls Ovarian Dormancy in Drosophila

Andreatta

Kyriacou

Flatt

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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In response to adverse environmental conditions many organisms from nematodes to mammals deploy a dormancy strategy, causing states of developmental or reproductive arrest that enhance somatic maintenance and survival ability at the expense of growth or reproduction. Dormancy regulation has been studied in C. elegans and in several insects, but how neurosensory mechanisms act to relay environmental cues to the endocrine system in order to induce dormancy remains unclear. Here we examine this fundamental question by genetically manipulating aminergic neurotransmitter signaling in Drosophila melanogaster. We find that both serotonin and dopamine enhance adult ovarian dormancy, while the downregulation of their respective signaling pathways in endocrine cells or tissues (insulin producing cells, fat body, corpus allatum) reduces dormancy. In contrast, octopamine signaling antagonizes dormancy. Our findings enhance our understanding of the ability of organisms to cope with unfavorable environments and illuminate some of the relevant signaling pathways.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aminergic Signaling Controls Ovarian Dormancy in Drosophila

Andreatta

Kyriacou

Flatt

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In a previous paper [14] it was shown that at these conditions immunoreactive ecdysteroids are released into the medium, the secretion is linear with time, and the secreted product cannot be distinguished chromatographically from ecdysone by analysis with reversed phase (RP)-HPLC and RIA.…”

Section: Preparation and In Vitro Culture Of Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Larvae of the blowfly, Calliphoru vicina (R.-D.), were reared on raw beef at 23°C and 50% relative humidity under a 12:12 h 1ight:dark cycle [14]. Their developmental age was expressed in days after oviposition.…”

Section: Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the control of ecdysone biosynthesis by the central nervous system of blowfly larvae

Budd

Käuser

Koolman

1993

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Ecdysone was found to be the major secreted steroid of ring glands dissected from blowfly larvae and incubated in vitro. Other secretory products such as 3-dehydroecdysone and 20-deoxy-makisterone A could not be detected when the glands were labelled with tritiated cholesterol. Ecdysone synthesis and secretion were found to be tightly coupled. The highest rate of secretion was observed a few hours before pupariation. In vitro, the rate of ecdysone secretion by ring glands was affected significantly by coincubation with the central nervous system (CNS). Modulating effects from the CNS to the gland were mediated both by culture medium and by nerve connections. Distinct parts of the CNS revealed multiple and partially opposite effects on ecdysone secretion, suggesting a more complex control than had been anticipated. Multiple neural control systems appear to be involved. Moreover, the observed effects changed with development during the second half of the third instar, reflecting a significant plasticity of neural control.

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“…In general, GABA is known to have inhibitory functions. In the absence of vertebrate predators, Daphnia life-history shifts could be inhibited by GABAergic signals by inhibiting the release of ecdysone [53,54]. This results in a 'general purpose' life history.…”

Section: (B) Neuronal Control Of Predator-induced Phenotypic Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopamine is a key regulator in the signalling pathway underlying predator-induced defences inDaphnia

Weiss

Leese

Laforsch³

et al. 2015

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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The waterflea Daphnia is a model to investigate the genetic basis of phenotypic plasticity resulting from one differentially expressed genome. Daphnia develops adaptive phenotypes (e.g. morphological defences) thwarting predators, based on chemical predator cue perception. To understand the genomic basis of phenotypic plasticity, the description of the precedent cellular and neuronal mechanisms is fundamental. However, key regulators remain unknown. All neuronal and endocrine stimulants were able to modulate but not induce defences, indicating a pathway of interlinked steps. A candidate able to link neuronal with endocrine responses is the multi-functional amine dopamine. We here tested its involvement in trait formation in Daphnia pulex and Daphnia longicephala using an induction assay composed of predator cues combined with dopaminergic and cholinergic stimulants. The mere application of both stimulants was sufficient to induce morphological defences. We determined dopamine localization in cells found in close association with the defensive trait. These cells serve as centres controlling divergent morphologies. As a mitogen and sclerotization agent, we anticipate that dopamine is involved in proliferation and structural formation of morphological defences. Furthermore, dopamine pathways appear to be interconnected with endocrine pathways, and control juvenile hormone and ecdysone levels. In conclusion, dopamine is suggested as a key regulator of phenotypic plasticity.

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Ecdysone synthesis and release by the brain-ring gland complex of blowfly larvae

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Aminergic Signaling Controls Ovarian Dormancy in Drosophila

Aminergic Signaling Controls Ovarian Dormancy in Drosophila

On the control of ecdysone biosynthesis by the central nervous system of blowfly larvae

Dopamine is a key regulator in the signalling pathway underlying predator-induced defences inDaphnia

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