Echiniscus molluscorum, New Tardigrade from the Feces of the Land Snail, Bulimulus exilis (Gmelin) in Puerto Rico (Tardigrada: Scutechiniscidae)

Fox, Irving; García-Moll, Ileana

doi:10.2307/3275559

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…It is not unprecedented to find tardigrades associated with snails. Fox and García-Moll [ 112 ] identified the tardigrade Echiniscus molluscorum in the feces of land snails from Puerto Rico. Although the tardigrade may have been ingested along with food, the authors did not rule out the possibility that E .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic responses of Biomphalaria pfeifferi to Schistosoma mansoni: Investigation of a neglected African snail that supports more S. mansoni transmission than any other snail species

Buddenborg

Zhang

et al. 2017

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundBiomphalaria pfeifferi is highly compatible with the widespread human-infecting blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni and transmits more cases of this parasite to people than any other snail species. For these reasons, B. pfeifferi is the world’s most important vector snail for S. mansoni, yet we know relatively little at the molecular level regarding the interactions between B. pfeifferi and S. mansoni from early-stage sporocyst transformation to the development of cercariae.Methodology/Principal findingsWe sought to capture a portrait of the response of B. pfeifferi to S. mansoni as it occurs in nature by undertaking Illumina dual RNA-Seq on uninfected control B. pfeifferi and three intramolluscan developmental stages (1- and 3-days post infection and patent, cercariae-producing infections) using field-derived west Kenyan specimens. A high-quality, well-annotated de novo B. pfeifferi transcriptome was assembled from over a half billion non-S. mansoni paired-end reads. Reads associated with potential symbionts were noted. Some infected snails yielded fewer normalized S. mansoni reads and showed different patterns of transcriptional response than others, an indication that the ability of field-derived snails to support and respond to infection is variable. Alterations in transcripts associated with reproduction were noted, including for the oviposition-related hormone ovipostatin and enzymes involved in metabolism of bioactive amines like dopamine or serotonin. Shedding snails exhibited responses consistent with the need for tissue repair. Both generalized stress and immune factors immune factors (VIgLs, PGRPs, BGBPs, complement C1q-like, chitinases) exhibited complex transcriptional responses in this compatible host-parasite system.SignificanceThis study provides for the first time a large sequence data set to help in interpreting the important vector role of the neglected snail B. pfeifferi in transmission of S. mansoni, including with an emphasis on more natural, field-derived specimens. We have identified B. pfeifferi targets particularly responsive during infection that enable further dissection of the functional role of these candidate molecules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic responses of Biomphalaria pfeifferi to Schistosoma mansoni: Investigation of a neglected African snail that supports more S. mansoni transmission than any other snail species

Buddenborg

Zhang

et al. 2017

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…The relationship between tardigrades and land snails is poorly recognized, despite the potential phoront-host match. To date, only three publications involving terrestrial gastropods and water bears were released 27 , 29 , 31 . All these papers concerned relations between snails’ digestive track and tardigrades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of tardigrades in the snail feces and their absence in the habitat from which the snails were collected suggested that the tardigrades could be transferred within the snail to places more or less distanced from their initial site. A year later, Fox and Garcia-Moll 31 released a publication with a description of the new tardigrade species Claxtonia molluscorum 31 found in B. exilis feces. The third snail-tardigrade publication was also authored by Fox 27 , where he explains possible ways tardigrades got into the gastrointestinal tract of snails to be finally found in feces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evidence for snails dispersing tardigrades based on Milnesium inceptum and Cepaea nemoralis species

Książkiewicz

Roszkowska

2022

Sci Rep

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Dispersal abilities in animals contribute to their local genetic variability and species persistence. However, the mechanisms facilitating a short-distance migration of small organisms remain underexplored. In this study we experimentally tested the role of land snails for a fine-scale transmission of tardigrades. We also check the ecological relationship between these two groups, by testing the impact of snail's mucus on tardigrades in anhydrobiosis. All the experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions. As model organisms, we used a tardigrade species Milnesium inceptum and a snail species Cepaea nemoralis. The selection of the experimental animals was dictated by their co-occurrence in natural habitats and similar atmospheric conditions required for them to remain active. Results of our experiments support the assumption that snails may transfer active tardigrades for short distances. On the other hand, the effect of the snails mucus on tardigrade recovery to active life after anhydrobiosis was negative. Death rates of tardigrades in anhydrobiosis (tun) were higher when affected by mucus compared to mucus-free tuns.

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“…Since then there have been few studies of terrestrial and freshwater tardigrades from islands of the Caribbean sea. These studies have been limited to the Greater Antilles islands of Puerto Rico (Fox and Garcia-Moll, 1962;Beasley, 1981;Jaime Jerez, 2003), the Dominican Republic (Schuster and Toftner, 1982;Kaczmarek et al, 2007), Cuba (Kaczmarek and Michalczyk, 2002) and Grand Cayman (Meyer, 2011), and in the Lesser Antilles, Curaçao (du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1960), Los Testigos (du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1960), Saint Lucia (Iharos, 1982), Barbados (Meyer and Hinton, 2012), and Dominica (Meyer, 2012), and a new Dominican species described by Meyer (2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tardigrada of the Caribbean island of Dominica (West Indies)

et al. 2013

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Echiniscus molluscorum, New Tardigrade from the Feces of the Land Snail, Bulimulus exilis (Gmelin) in Puerto Rico (Tardigrada: Scutechiniscidae)

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Transcriptomic responses of Biomphalaria pfeifferi to Schistosoma mansoni: Investigation of a neglected African snail that supports more S. mansoni transmission than any other snail species

Transcriptomic responses of Biomphalaria pfeifferi to Schistosoma mansoni: Investigation of a neglected African snail that supports more S. mansoni transmission than any other snail species

Experimental evidence for snails dispersing tardigrades based on Milnesium inceptum and Cepaea nemoralis species

Tardigrada of the Caribbean island of Dominica (West Indies)

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