Echinococcosis: Past and Present Situation in Southeast Asia

Garjito, Triwibowo Ambar; Mujiyanto, Mujiyanto; Sudomo, M.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.89908

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Data are required for compiling the program, activity planning, and decision-making. Data collected periodically can strengthen the capacity to provide nutritional care ( 29 ). The main problem is that the data have not been integrated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of high and low stunting reduction groups using IFE-EFE matrix analysis in Central Java Province, Indonesia

Samsudin,

Hapsari,

Kartasurya

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundThe results of the 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Study (Studi Status Gizi Indonesia, SSGI) showed a 6.8% declining prevalence of stunting in Central Java from 2019 to 2021. However, the prevalence decreases in the regency level of Central Java varied from 0.1 to 20.3%. This study aimed to analyze the external and internal factors that influenced the stunting reduction prevalence in Central Java Province, Indonesia.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted over 2 months, from April to May 2022. In-depth interviews were used to explore the supporting factors (external, internal, and strategies) and the challenges (internal, external, and solutions) in implementing stunting reduction acceleration programs. The supporting factors and challenges were compared between the groups with high Gro, Sra, Kla, and Pek (GSKP) and low Sur, Mag, Teg, and Pat (SMTP) reduction prevalence. Data were analyzed using internal factor evaluation (IFE) and external factor evaluation (EFE).ResultsIn quadrant II, the high-reduction group (GSKP) had IFE and EFE scores of 2.61 and 2.76, respectively. In quadrant IV, the low-reduction group (SMTP) had IFE and EFE scores of 1.86 and 1.62, respectively. The high-reduction group (GSKP) was better than the low-reduction group (SMTP) in using external opportunities and internal strengths by avoiding external threats and minimizing the weakness in the stunting reduction acceleration program in each area. The existence of superior programs and innovations were the strengths that differentiated the high and low groups. Conversely, the low-stunting reduction group struggled to overcome major challenges, especially lacking leadership capacity. From the outside, lack of program sustainability at the village level and budget restraint were the threats found in both groups.ConclusionCompared with the low-stunting reduction group, the high group could maximize their strengths and use the opportunities to implement stunting reduction programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of high and low stunting reduction groups using IFE-EFE matrix analysis in Central Java Province, Indonesia

Samsudin,

Hapsari,

Kartasurya

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…There may be internal structures, and occasionally they present with cavitation in some patients. The disease is present across Africa and southeast Asia, 70 71 where there is close association between humans, dogs, sheep, and goats, usual in agricultural areas.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Clinical Presentation and Management

Evans,

Lawal,

Kosmidis

et al. 2023

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) refers to a number of clinical syndromes resulting from the presence and local proliferation of Aspergillus organisms in the lungs of patients with chronic lung disease. CPA is more common than was realized two decades ago. Recognition remains poor, despite recent studies from many countries highlighting the high prevalence in at-risk populations. In low- and middle-income countries, CPA may be misdiagnosed and treated as tuberculosis (TB). In addition, CPA may develop following successful TB treatment. The coronavirus disease pandemic has resulted in significant disruption to provision of TB care, likely leading to more extensive lung damage, which could increase the risk for CPA.Although CPA refers to various syndromes, the classic presentation is that of chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis, which manifests as one or more progressive cavities with or without a fungal ball, accompanied by systemic and respiratory symptoms for at least 3 months. Diagnosis relies on Aspergillus immunoglobulin G in serum, as sputum culture lacks sensitivity. Differential diagnosis includes mycobacterial infection, bacterial lung abscess or necrotizing pneumonia, lung cancer, and endemic fungi.The aim of antifungal treatment in CPA is to improve symptoms and quality of life, and to halt progression, and possibly reverse radiological changes. Current recommendations suggest treatment for 6 months, although in practice many patients remain on long-term treatment. Improvement may manifest as weight gain and improvement of symptoms such as productive cough, hemoptysis, and fatigue. Surgical management should be considered in cases of diagnostic uncertainty, in significant hemoptysis, and when there is concern for lack of response to therapy. Itraconazole and voriconazole are the first-line azoles, with more experience now accumulating with posaconazole and isavuconazole. Side effects are frequent and careful monitoring including therapeutic drug monitoring is essential. Intravenous antifungals such as echinocandins and amphotericin B are used in cases of azole intolerance or resistance, which often develop on treatment. Relapse is seen after completion of antifungal therapy in around 20% of cases, mostly in bilateral, high-burden disease.Several research priorities have been identified, including characterization of immune defects and genetic variants linked to CPA, pathogenetic mechanisms of Aspergillus adaptation in the lung environment, the contribution of non-fumigatus Aspergillus species, and the role of new antifungal agents, immunotherapy, and combination therapy.

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“…Southeast Asia is among the top three regions of the world heavily burdened with NTDs (5,13). Of the NTDs present in the region, FBT, taeniasis/cysticercosis and echinococcosis, all neglected parasitic zoonosis, are responsible for a substantial burden of disease in the region (14)(15)(16)(17). A severe infection caused by these parasites can be fatal and result in long-lasting problems such as malnutrition, anemia, growth and cognitive impairment, and a decreased ability to tolerate co-infection with other diseases (18)(19)(20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Health Intervention Strategies to Address Zoonotic Neglected Tropical Diseases in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review

Putri,

George,

McMahon

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect over 1 billion people worldwide, causing life-long disabilities and death. Many of the 20 NTDs prioritized by the World Health Organization are zoonotic, spreading between animals and humans. Southeast Asia faces a significant NTD burden, including zoonotic parasitic infections like echinococcosis, taeniasis/cysticercosis, and foodborne trematodiases (FBT). Despite recent research and programs emphasizing the importance of One Health efforts, there's limited insight into their implementation. This scoping review explores existing approaches for multi/cross-sectoral engagement with respect to three parasitic zoonotic NTDs in Southeast Asia. Additionally, we aimed to synthesize the One Health practices and advocate effective strategies for region-specific collaboration to tackle parasitic zoonotic NTDs.Methodology and principal findings We utilized the five-step framework of Arskey and O’Malley to conduct this scoping review. We systematically searched Pubmed, Web of Science, and Medline for peer-reviewed literatures. A total of 1725 publications were screened for eligibility and 105 publications identified for full-text screening. Fifteen (15) publications met our inclusion criteria, and we examined them for key themes related to One Health intervention strategies. Five themes emerged from our analysis: 1) health education, 2) treatment, 3) WASH practices, 4) ecosystem monitoring, and 5) surveillance and diagnostics. Additionally, we identified challenges cited during the implementation process, which included limited resources, community engagement, coordination and collaboration, and political commitment.Conclusions The importance of adopting a comprehensive strategy is strongly supported by the literature and WHO’s emphasis on One Health in the new NTD Road Map. While there are examples of One Health approaches being implemented to control parasitic zoonotic NTDs, the application of One Health strategies is not consistent throughout the Southeast Asia region. Therefore, there are valuable opportunities to develop an implementation research agenda and enhance regional coordination mechanisms. Additionally, future potential strategies should consider determinants of health in NTDs through a multi-sectoral lens.

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Echinococcosis: Past and Present Situation in Southeast Asia

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Comparison of high and low stunting reduction groups using IFE-EFE matrix analysis in Central Java Province, Indonesia

Comparison of high and low stunting reduction groups using IFE-EFE matrix analysis in Central Java Province, Indonesia

Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Clinical Presentation and Management

One Health Intervention Strategies to Address Zoonotic Neglected Tropical Diseases in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review

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