Echinococcus multilocularis in Two Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla g. gorilla)

Rehmann, P; Gröne, Andrea; Lawrenz, Arne; Pagan, O.; Gottstein, Bruno; Bacciarini, L. N.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9975(02)00159-7

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…10 Other species can function as aberrant intermediate hosts, and infection with E. multilocularis larvae is reported from a variety of nonhuman primates, including gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), and cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). 5,[15][16][17][18] Lesions include clustered cystic structures mainly in the liver with varying amounts of necrosis. These cysts correspond histologically to metacestodic larvae of E. multilocularis.…”

Section: Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis In Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

et al. 2004

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Abstract. Alveolar echinococcosis was diagnosed in 12 cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) at postmortem examination within a period of 6 years. Besides consistent involvement of the liver, parasitic lesions were also present in mesenteric lymph nodes, pancreas, lung, and kidney. In the liver, various patterns of host's responses to parasitic tissue could be distinguished. Infiltration of macrophages, often multinucleated, around usually intact metacestodes was the main feature of one pattern. A second pattern was characterized by the presence of abundant, normally degenerate granulocytes in addition to macrophages surrounding collapsed laminated structures. Finally and as a third pattern, some cysts were surrounded by marked collagen deposition, which was usually not a significant feature of the other foci. Parasitic cysts with protoscolices were observed in foci with the first and third pattern but not in the second one. The simultaneous occurrence of all three patterns was observed in most animals. Type AA amyloid was identified either in the space of Dissé, macrophages or blood vessel walls in nine animals using immunohistochemistry. Identity of parasitic structures such as metacestodes of Echinococcus multilocularis was confirmed immunohistochemically. All animals that could be tested serologically (7/12) had detectable antibodies against the E. multilocularis-specific Em2 antigen. Liver lesions of six animals were additionally analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, yielding the amplification of a specific E. multilocularis DNA fragment in each case.

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Section: Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis In Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

et al. 2004

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“…Echinococcosis, also known as hydatid disease, is one of the most important zoonotic diseases, causing human morbidity and mortality worldwide [3]. Generally, six species of Echinococcus are recognized, and four of them are of public health concern: Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis, E. vogeli and E. oligarthrus [6,[9][10][11]. E.granulosus is characterized by the presence of unilocular cysts.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Generally, six species of Echinococcus are recognized, and four of them are of public health concern: Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis, E. vogeli and E. oligarthrus [6,[9][10][11]. E.granulosus is characterized by the presence of unilocular cysts.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, E.multilocularis which causes alveolar echinococcosis, and E.vogeli and E.oligarthrus are associated with the multicystic lesion. While E.vogeli and E.oligarthrus are restricted to South and Central America [5], the geographical distribution of E.granulosus is worldwide, and that of E. multilocularis is wide in the northern hemisphere, such as central Europe, Russia, central Asia, China, Alaska and Canada [9][10][11]. The life cycle of E. granulosus involves dogs and other canids as definitive hosts, and domestic and wild ungulates as intermediate hosts.…”

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First Case of <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> Infection in a Zoo-Housed Flying Squirrel (<i>Pteromys volans orii</i>)

Oikawa

Shimura

Nishimura

et al. 2013

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. A 33 month-old male flying squirrel kept in a zoo developed progressive dyspnea and died. Macroscopically, the liver and lung were enlarged with numerous nodular vesicles. Histologically, these organs were replaced by numerous collapsed vesicles demarcated by fibrous tissues. The cysts lined by a cellular, germinal layer contained numerous brood capsules with abundant production of well-developed protoscolices. Protoscolices were about 80-100 µm in diameter, and had hooks being visible as refractive structures. This zoo locates in the east of Hokkaido where is an endemic area of Echinococcus multilocularis infection. From epidemiology and pathological findings, this animal was diagnosed as E.multilocularis infection. This report describes the pathology of the first case of E. multilocularis infection in a flying squirrel. Echinococcosis, also known as hydatid disease, is one of the most important zoonotic diseases, causing human morbidity and mortality worldwide [3]. Generally, six species of Echinococcus are recognized, and four of them are of public health concern: Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis, E. vogeli and E. oligarthrus [6,[9][10][11]. E.granulosus is characterized by the presence of unilocular cysts. In contrast, E.multilocularis which causes alveolar echinococcosis, and E.vogeli and E.oligarthrus are associated with the multicystic lesion. While E.vogeli and E.oligarthrus are restricted to South and Central America [5], the geographical distribution of E.granulosus is worldwide, and that of E. multilocularis is wide in the northern hemisphere, such as central Europe, Russia, central Asia, China, Alaska and Canada [9][10][11]. The life cycle of E. granulosus involves dogs and other canids as definitive hosts, and domestic and wild ungulates as intermediate hosts. Meanwhile, E. multilocularis exploits predator-prey relationships between canids and rodents [2]. In Hokkaido, an endemic area of E. multilocularis in Japan, the Ezo red fox (Vulpes vulpes chrenchki) and red-backed vole (Myodes rufocanus bedfordiae) mainly maintain its life cycle [7]. In foreign countries, the common vole (Microtus arvalis), the water vole (Arvicola terrestris) and the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) are important intermediate host for this species [2]. In addition to voles, grounds squirrels (Citellus daurious, C. erythrogenys, C. ungugalatus and C. alashanicus), red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), bobak marmot (Marmota bobak) and Prevost's squirrel belonging to the suborder Sciuromorpha have been reported rarely as the intermediated host [2,12,13]. This paper describes the first case of Ezo flying squirrel (Pteromys volans orii) affected with larval E. multilocularis.A 33 month-old male Ezo flying squirrel, which was born and kept in the lair at a logged timber soon after birth to one month-old, and then housed in a metal cage enclosure with an outdoor area in Kushiro City Zoo. The animal developed progressive dyspnea and died on three days after the onset of dyspnea, and then dissected by a zoo veterinarian. M...

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“…Human is known as an accidental intermediate host of this parasite. In addition to the human case, primates have been reported to be naturally infected with Em metacestodes in Switzerland [7], Germany [1] as well as in Japan [5].…”

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Outbreak of Larval Echinococcus multilocularis Infection in Japanese Monkey (Macaca fuscata) in a Zoo, Hokkaido: Western Blotting Patterns in the Infected Monkeys

et al. 2005

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ABSTRACT. A high prevalence of larval Echinococcus multilocularis (Em) infection was found in zoo primates in Hokkaido, Japan. In October 1997, a Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) died and histopathologically diagnosed as alveolar hydatidosis. Serum samples were collected from the remaining Japanese monkeys and examined for antibodies against Em by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. Serological tests showed 12 more animals of the remaining 57 monkeys were possibly infected. Ultrasonography revealed that nine of these 12 animals had a cystic lesion in the liver. The band patterns of western blotting in the monkeys were very similar to those in human.

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Echinococcus multilocularis in Two Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla g. gorilla)

Cited by 33 publications

References 5 publications

Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis in Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

First Case of <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> Infection in a Zoo-Housed Flying Squirrel (<i>Pteromys volans orii</i>)

Outbreak of Larval Echinococcus multilocularis Infection in Japanese Monkey (Macaca fuscata) in a Zoo, Hokkaido: Western Blotting Patterns in the Infected Monkeys

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