Echinococcus multilocularis: in vivo results of therapy with albendazole and praziquantel

Taylor, D. H.; Morris, D. L.; Richards, K. Sylvia; Reffin, D

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(88)90528-7

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We have also reported in vivo activity of albendazole against E multilocularis in an animal model. 9 The present study has produced information concerning the in vivo protoscolicidal action of albendazole and prazquantel after therapy, which concurs with the previous in vitro results in that praziquantel was significantly more effective than The efficacy of albendazolc in reducing the ratc of cyst growth, as measured by parasite weight, was greater than either mebendazole at the same dose or praziluantel at 10 times the dosage. Regression of established disease apparently occurred and animal survival was probably enhanced.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Comparison of albendazole, mebendazole and praziquantel chemotherapy of Echinococcus multilocularis in a gerbil model.

Taylor

Morris

Reffin

et al. 1989

Gut

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SUMMARY The efficacy of albendazole (50 mg/kg/d), mebendazole (50 mg/kg/d) and praziquantel (500 mg/kg/d) against established intraperitoneal infections of Echinococcus multilocularis in gerbils was compared by monitoring parasite weight and making ultrastructural observations on treated and untreated material. Praziquantel was the most active protoscolicidal agent, reducing protoscolex viability to <2%, although it did not inhibit cyst growth. Albendazole was the most effective agent in reducing cyst growth and was, when compared with other regimes significantly more effective than mebendazole (p<005), praziquantel (p<001) or untreated controls (p<001).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We have previously shown that chemotherapy has little if any effect on the weight of uninfected animals. 9 Ultrastructurally, the germinal layer (Fig. 2) and the tegument of protoscoleces (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of albendazole, mebendazole and praziquantel chemotherapy of Echinococcus multilocularis in a gerbil model.

Taylor

Morris

Reffin

et al. 1989

Gut

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“…Various degrees of enhanced activity ranging from synergy/addition to partial enhancement were found. Although this is the first in vitro demonstration of enhanced activity of combination therapy using T. solium larval cysts in vitro, enhanced activity has been described in the cestodes T. crassiceps (16) and E. granulosus and E. multilocularis in vitro (12,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), as well as in imperfect human case series against E. granulosus in vivo (8,33). Kaur et al found enhanced but nonsignificant decrease in estimated time to clearance of single enhancing lesions using combined therapy in NCC compared to single therapy in India T. crassiceps has been used in vitro and in vivo to evaluate effectiveness of cysticidal drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Sensitive In Vitro System To Assess Morphological and Biochemical Effects of Praziquantel and Albendazole on Taenia solium Cysts

Mahanty

Paredes

Marzal

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Neurocysticercosis resulting from Taenia solium infections is a major cause of adult-acquired seizures worldwide. Disease is caused by larval cysts, and treatment consists of the anthelmintic drugs albendazole or praziquantel. There are no standard methods to assess drug activity to T. solium cysts in vitro. Morphological, functional, and biochemical changes that might reflect damaging (inhibiting, cytotoxic) drug effects were analyzed after exposure of cysts to albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ-SO), the major active metabolite of the drug in vivo, praziquantel (PZQ), or combinations of both. PZQ exposure led to a decrease in cyst size and inhibition of evagination, whereas ABZ-SO exposure resulted in minimal changes. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is normally secreted by cysts, and both drugs inhibited AP secretion at concentrations of 5 and 50 ng/ml for PZQ and ABZ-SO, respectively. Some combinations of both drugs resulted in additive and/or synergistic activities. Parasite-specific antigen, detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood of infected patients, is also normally secreted by T. solium cysts. Antigen secretion was similarly inhibited by ABZ-SO and PZQ and a combination of both drugs, suggesting that inhibition of secretion is a common downstream consequence of the activities of both drugs. These studies establish quantitative methods to measure in vitro anthelmintic activity and suggest combination therapy with ABZ-SO and PZQ may have clinical benefit. Neurocysticercosis (NCC), the most common cause of adult acquired seizures worldwide, results from infection of the brain by the cystic larval stage of Taenia solium. The adult tapeworm resides in the human intestines. It consists of a head with a scolex, which is an attachment organ, a neck, and increasingly maturing segments containing infectious ova. These are excreted as segments in the feces and, when ingested by freeroaming pigs, hatch and are carried to the brain, muscles, and other organs, where they develop into viable cysts in about 2 to 3 months. After ingestion and exposure to bile and other factors in the gastrointestinal tract milieu, the cysts evaginate and develop into tapeworms. Humans develop NCC after accidental ingestion of infectious ova sometimes originating from their own tapeworm or one residing in a family member or coinhabitant.The clinical manifestations of NCC are due to growth, degeneration, and inflammation associated with the host response to the cyst. Treatment consists of the anthelmintic agents albendazole or praziquantel (PZQ) (4, 5, 15), as well as corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory agents (4,14), that are commonly used to control treatment-induced inflammation. However, cure rates are relatively low with currently available regimens, and more effective agents are needed.T. solium larval cysts (metacestodes) can only be obtained from infected pigs. Studies using T. solium cysts are difficult because many infected pigs are required, harvesting cysts individually is laborious and time-consuming, and culturing and maintain...

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“…Praziquantel has not been rigorously assessed in the treatment of hydatid disease, but in experimental animals its effect is as good as that of albendazole [21]. Reports suggest that a synergistic effect may occur when albendazole and praziquantel are administered together in humans [8].1The evaluation of patients with hydatid disease who are treated with albendazole is difficult because of the long period needed to assess the outcome in this chronic disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Albendazole treatment and serological follow-up in hydatid disease of bone

Bonifacino¹,

Dogliani²,

Craig

1997

International Orthopaedics

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Echinococcus multilocularis: in vivo results of therapy with albendazole and praziquantel

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Comparison of albendazole, mebendazole and praziquantel chemotherapy of Echinococcus multilocularis in a gerbil model.

Comparison of albendazole, mebendazole and praziquantel chemotherapy of Echinococcus multilocularis in a gerbil model.

Sensitive In Vitro System To Assess Morphological and Biochemical Effects of Praziquantel and Albendazole on Taenia solium Cysts

Albendazole treatment and serological follow-up in hydatid disease of bone

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