Echocardiographic consequences of smoking status in middle‐aged subjects

Kraen, Morten; Frantz, Sophia; Nihlén, Ulf; Engström, Gunnar; Wollmer, Per; Dencker, Magnus

doi:10.1111/echo.13375

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Increased stroke index was also translated to higher cardiac output in present smokers versus previous smokers. Previously, current smokers had higher cardiac output than never smokers in an ultrasound-based evaluation 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Effect of present versus previous smoking on non-invasive haemodynamics

Choudhary

Eräranta

Tikkakoski

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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We examined cardiovascular function in 637 volunteers (19–72 years) without antihypertensive medication in never smokers (n = 365), present smokers (n = 81) and previous smokers (n = 191, median abstinence 10 years). Haemodynamics during passive head-up tilt were recorded using whole-body impedance cardiography and radial pulse wave analysis. Results were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, LDL cholesterol and alcohol use. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse wave velocity were not different between the groups. Supine aortic reflection times did not differ, while upright values were shorter in present versus previous smokers (p = 0.04). Heart rate adjusted augmentation index was increased in the supine position in present smokers versus controls (p = 0.045), and in present (p < 0.001) and previous (p = 0.031) smokers versus controls in the upright position. Supine and upright cardiac output was higher (p ≤ 0.016) and systemic vascular resistance lower (p ≤ 0.001) in present versus previous smokers. In spite of the long abstinence, in the upright position previous smokers had lower cardiac output (p = 0.032) and higher systemic vascular resistance (p = 0.014) than never smokers. In the absence of differences in blood pressure and arterial stiffness, present smokers presented with hyperdynamic circulation and enhanced wave reflection compared with previous smokers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Some previous reports found that male smokers have increased BP 16 . In contrast, some studies reported that smokers have lower BP than non-smokers 17 , 18 . The putative reduction of BP in smokers may be related to lower body weight, while previous smokers often have higher body weight and increased BP versus never smokers 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effect of present versus previous smoking on non-invasive haemodynamics

Choudhary

Eräranta

Tikkakoski

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…However, the present study could not detect the worse effect of smoking exposure against cardiac diastolic function. A previous study also reported an inconclusive association between smoking exposure and cardiac diastolic function owing to the difficulty in obtaining and measuring the data on diastolic function and the effect of other confounding factors [35]. The incomplete measurement of cardiac diastolic function and small sample size might make the results indefinite in the present study.…”

Section: Table 2 Echocardiographic Characteristics Of Participants Acmentioning

confidence: 69%

Influence of cigarette smoking on biventricular systolic function independent of respiratory function: a cross-sectional study

Watanabe

Tajiri

Suzuki

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Cigarette smoking harms nearly every organ, including the heart and lungs. A comprehensive assessment of both cardiac and respiratory function is necessary for evaluating the direct effects of tobacco on the heart. However, few previous studies examining the effects of cigarette smoking on cardiac function included an assessment of lung function. This cross-sectional study investigated the influence of cigarette smoking on cardiac function, independent of respiratory function. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 184 consecutive cases that underwent both spirometry and transthoracic echocardiography around the same time (within 1 month) in one hospital from April 2019 to March 2020. Participants were classified into three groups based on lifetime smoking exposure (pack-years): non-smoker (n = 49), low exposure (1–20 pack-years, n = 40), and high exposure (≥ 20 pack years, n = 95). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship among cigarette smoking, and cardiac and respiratory functions. The relationship between selected dependent variables and lifetime pack-years was assessed in two models with multiple linear regression analysis. Model 1 was adjusted for age and male sex; and Model 2 was adjusted for Model 1 plus forced expiratory volume percentage in 1 s and forced vital capacity percentage. Results Compared with the non-smokers, the participants with high smoking exposure had lower left ventricular (LV) systolic function and larger LV size. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a negative association of cumulative lifetime pack-years with LV and right ventricular (RV) systolic functions, even after adjustment for age, sex, and spirometric parameters (forced expiratory volume percentage in 1 s and forced vital capacity percentage). Meanwhile, there was no significant association of smoking exposure with LV diastolic function (E/e′ and E/A) and RV diastolic function (e′t and e′t/a′t). Conclusions Cumulative smoking exposure was associated with a negative effect on biventricular systolic function in patients with relatively preserved cardiac function, independent of respiratory function.

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“…MMP12 is mainly secreted by M2 macrophages (Han et al, 2018;Hotary et al;Lee et al, 2016). Reports have demonstrated that MMP12 can decompose most extracellular matrix and vascular components, and has obvious effects on elastic fiber-rich blood vessels, lung, embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling (Atlı, 2017;Kraen et al, 2019;Langlois et al;Wagner et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2019;Wetzl et al). MMP12 is associated not only with smoking-induced emphysema (Kraen et al, 2019) but also with the typing of bone marrow cells and myeloid derived suppressor cells (Qu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MMP12 Knockout Prevent Weight and Muscle Loss Induced by Cancer Cachexia

Jiang

Yang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Weight loss and muscle wasting can have devastating impacts on survival and quality of life of patients with cancer cachexia. Here, we have established a hybrid mouse of ApcMin/+ mice and MMP12 knockout mice (ApcMin/+; MMP12-/-) and found that knockout MMP12 can suppress the weight and muscle loss of ApcMin/+ mice. In detail, we found that interleukin 6 was highly upregulated in the serum of cancer patients and MMP12 was increased in muscle of tumor-bearing mice. Interestingly, the interleukin 6 secreted by tumor cells led to MMP12 overexpression in the macrophages, which further resulted in degradation of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 and interruption of glycolipid metabolism. Notably, depletion of MMP12 prevented weight loss of ApcMin/+ mice. Our study uncovers the critical role of MMP12 in controlling weight and highlights the great potential of MMP12 in the treatment of cancer cachexia.

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Echocardiographic consequences of smoking status in middle‐aged subjects

Abstract: We conclude that currents smokers without known cardiac disease or significant chronic obstructive lung disease show signs of slightly altered hemodynamics.

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of present versus previous smoking on non-invasive haemodynamics

Effect of present versus previous smoking on non-invasive haemodynamics

Influence of cigarette smoking on biventricular systolic function independent of respiratory function: a cross-sectional study

MMP12 Knockout Prevent Weight and Muscle Loss Induced by Cancer Cachexia

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