Eclamptogenic toxemia: The development of an experimental model in the subhuman primate

Endocrine Profile of Pregnancy in the Patas Monkey (Erythrocebus patas)

“…Similar conditions, characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, have been induced experimentally in several mammals, including the rabbit (5,6), dog (7)(8)(9), cat (10), rhesus monkeys (11), and baboon (1,2). Rare cases of spontaneous toxemia of pregnancy have been reported in several species of great apes and monkeys (12).…”

“…T HE ETIOLOGY and pathogenesis of toxemia of pregnancy in humans are not well understood (1)(2)(3)(4). Similar conditions, characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, have been induced experimentally in several mammals, including the rabbit (5,6), dog (7)(8)(9), cat (10), rhesus monkeys (11), and baboon (1,2).…”

Animal models of preeclampsia

“…Similarly banded rats and rabbits failed to develop any symptoms during pregnancy 39 and in the rhesus monkey, no hypertension or proteinuria was observed, although fetal loss was increased after the banding of the uterine arteries. 40 Cavanagh et al 41,42 were successful in inducing the major symptoms of preeclampsia in baboons by using this technique.…”

“…Similarly banded rats and rabbits failed to develop any symptoms during pregnancy 39 and in the rhesus monkey, no hypertension or proteinuria was observed, although fetal loss was increased after the banding of the uterine arteries. 40 Cavanagh et al 41,42 were successful in inducing the major symptoms of preeclampsia in baboons by using this technique.Overall, it does appear that aortic constriction during pregnancy leads to hypertension in a variety of species. Whether this is entirely or partly caused by reductions in uteroplacental perfusion pressure is less clear because the more selective method of reducing uterine blood flow is much less reproducible as a model of hypertension in pregnancy.…”

Caesarean delivery of a Western Lowland gorilla with fetal distress and suspected pre-eclampsia

“…Renal biopsies taken following uterine ischaemia in baboons (Papio anubis) showed microscopic changes similar to pre-eclampsia in humans. 3 Two case reports describe convulsions associated with oedema in lowland gorillas in the latter stages of pregnancy, including one with evidence of placental abruption and infarction. [4][5] The pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia in humans relates to defective deep trophoblastic invasion and spiral artery remodelling of the developing placenta.…”