Eco-friendly and rapid microwave synthesis of green fluorescent graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots for vitro bioimaging

Li, Hua; Shao, Fang-Qi; Huang, Hong; Feng, Jiu‐Ju; Wang, Ai‐Jun

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2015.12.018

Cited by 185 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Fluorescent probes are widely used to detect target analytes because they are highly sensitive and easy to use and can be used for real time and online measurements [7][8][9]. A few well-designed fluorescent probes for determining gold ions in organic solvents or in mixed aqueous and organic media have been developed [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive detection of Au(III) using regenerative rhodamine B–functionalized chitosan nanoparticles

Liu

et al. 2016

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive detection of Au(III) using regenerative rhodamine B–functionalized chitosan nanoparticles

Liu

et al. 2016

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…In the biomedical field, g‐C 3 N 4 has mainly attracted attention for bioimaging applications . For example, Li et al showed that green fluorescent g‐C 3 N 4 quantum dots exhibited high fluorescence quantum yield, strong resistance to the interference of high ionic strength environment, and good biocompatibility when tested with HeLa cells in vitro . Authors suggested that this material can be used as a promising fluorescent probe for bioimaging applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytically Active Graphitic Carbon Nitride as an Effective and Safe 2D Material for In Vitro and In Vivo Photodynamic Therapy

Taheri

Ünal

Sevim

et al. 2020

Small

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Thanks to its photocatalytic property, graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) is a promising candidate in various applications including nanomedicine. However, studies focusing on the suitability of g‐C3N4 for cancer therapy are very limited and possible underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Here, it is demonstrated that photoexcitation of g‐C3N4 can be used effectively in photodynamic therapy, without using any other carrier or additional photosensitizer. Upon light exposure, g‐C3N4 treatment kills cancer cells, without the need of any other nanosystem or chemotherapeutic drug. The material is efficiently taken up by tumor cells in vitro. The transcriptome and proteome of g‐C3N4 and light treated cells show activation in pathways related to both oxidative stress, cell death, and apoptosis which strongly suggests that only when combined with light exposure, g‐C3N4 is able to kill cancer cells. Systemic administration of the mesoporous form results in elimination from urinary bladder without any systemic toxicity. Administration of the material significantly decreases tumor volume when combined with local light treatment. This study paves the way for the future use of not only g‐C3N4 but also other 2D nanomaterials in cancer therapy.

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“…Carbon nitride dots (CNDs) mostly consist of carbon and nitrogen and possess similar properties to carbon dots. Due to theirlow cost, easy preparation, good biocompatibility, and excellent photoluminescence (PL), they have been explored for applications in fluorescent sensing [1][2][3], bioimaging [4][5][6], photocatalysis [7,8], etc. The preparation of CNDs usually relies on the carbonization of C, N-containing precursors, including various organic amines/amides in the presence of acids or other additives [1,[9][10][11][12], chitosan [13], folic acid [5], ionic liquid [14], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Carbon Nitride Dots with Sizes Larger than 20 nm

Luo

Guan

2019

Applied Sciences

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Featured Application: The prepared carbon nitride dots have potential applications in fluorescent sensing, bioimaging and photocatalysis.Abstract: Carbon nitride dots (CNDs) were obtained via carbonization of polymer formed via the reaction of 1, 2-ethylenediamine (EDA) and CCl 4 . The average diameter of CNDs is calculated to be ca. 44 nm. They possess solubility in water and polar organic solvents. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 464 2 of 5 CharacterizationThe optical properties of the CNDs were measured by UV-visible spectrometer (U-3010, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) and fluorescence spectrometer (LS 55, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA), respectively. The morphology and structure of CNDs were observed by atomic force microscope (AFM, SPM-9600, Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan), scanning electron microscope (SEM, Sirion 200s, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), and transmission electron microscope (TEM, H-7560B, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) at 80 kV, respectively. Results and DiscussionAs shown in Figure 1, the synthesis of CNDs was carried out by thermal treatment of carbon nitride polymer formed via the reaction of EDA and CCl 4 . After heat treatment, the polymer underwent cross-linking and ring-formation [16]. The yellow solid at the top of the inner wall of the quartz tube was collected as our CNDs. These have solubility in water and polar organic solvents. The residual solid with a black color at the bottom of the inner wall of the quartz tube was discarded. This does not dissolve in water, however can disperse in polar organic solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide and ethanol.Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, x 2 of 5Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 464 4 of 5 ConclusionsCNDs with an average diameter of ca. 44 nm were synthesized via carbonization of a polymer precursor formed via the polymerization of EDA and CCl 4 . The prepared CNDs have sizes ranging from 23 to 70 nm and emit strong blue light under 360 nm excitation. In addition to their good solubility in water and polar organic solvents, these properties benefit the CNDs for further applications in bioimaging, fluorescence sensing, and optoelectronics devices. The method reported in this work for preparing CNDs is scalable and expands the size range of synthesized CNDs.

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Eco-friendly and rapid microwave synthesis of green fluorescent graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots for vitro bioimaging

Cited by 185 publications

References 47 publications

Sensitive detection of Au(III) using regenerative rhodamine B–functionalized chitosan nanoparticles

Sensitive detection of Au(III) using regenerative rhodamine B–functionalized chitosan nanoparticles

Photocatalytically Active Graphitic Carbon Nitride as an Effective and Safe 2D Material for In Vitro and In Vivo Photodynamic Therapy

Preparation of Carbon Nitride Dots with Sizes Larger than 20 nm

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