Eco Friendly Management of Damping-off of Solanaceous Crops Caused by Pythium Species

Muthukumar, A.; Udhayakumar, R.; Naveenkumar, R

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27312-9_3

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…The damping-off caused by various Pythium spp. is a significant disease of C. annuum cultivars that predominantly occurs in nursery beds affecting seeds and young seedlings [ 18 , 19 ]. When the plant is in the seed or seedling stage of its life cycle, infection by Pythium species causes pre-emergence and post-emergence damping-off, decaying the seeds and seedlings before emergence and after the emergence of the plant from the soil surface, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pythium Damping-Off and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L.: Impacts, Diagnosis, and Management

Arora

Sharma

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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Capsicum annuum L. is a significant horticulture crop known for its pungent varieties and used as a spice. The pungent character in the plant, known as capsaicinoid, has been discovered to have various health benefits. However, its production has been affected due to various exogenous stresses, including diseases caused by a soil-borne pathogen, Pythium spp. predominantly affecting the Capsicum plant in younger stages and causing damping-off, this pathogen can incite root rot in later plant growth stages. Due to the involvement of multiple Pythium spp. and their capability to disperse through various routes, their detection and diagnosis have become crucial. However, the quest for a point-of-care technology is still far from over. The use of an integrated approach with cultural and biological techniques for the management of Pythium spp. can be the best and most sustainable alternative to the traditionally used and hazardous chemical approach. The lack of race-specific resistance genes against Pythium spp. can be compensated with the candidate quantitative trait loci (QTL) genes in C. annuum L. This review will focus on the epidemiological factors playing a major role in disease spread, the currently available diagnostics in species identification, and the management strategies with a special emphasis on Pythium spp. causing damping-off and root rot in different cultivars of C. annuum L.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pythium Damping-Off and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L.: Impacts, Diagnosis, and Management

Arora

Sharma

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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“…Several studies have also been carried out in India. Muthukumar (2016) isolated twelve different species of Pythium from different soil types, water types, vegetables and ornamental plants of Delhi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification based on the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal nuclear DNA (rDNA) of pathogenic fungus Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp. isolated from soil and its morphology

George¹,

Ramteke²

2018

Trop. Plant Res.

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Soil-borne fungi Pythium aphanidermatum causes damping-off of cucumber, coriander and other economically important plants in India and presumably in many other countries. The objective of the present investigation was to characterize the pathogen morphologically in vitro and to confirm its molecular identity by the sequence of ITS region of rDNA. P. aphanidermatum was isolated from soil and cultured in PDB broth and PDA solid media. The characteristic of growth was monitored and the reproductive structures were analyzed. Hyphae were grown with a daily increment of 2.5-3.0 cm on PDB. Sporangia were swollen, multinucleate and usually measure 10-50 μm in diameter. Oogonia were found mostly terminal, spherical, 22-27 µm in diameter. Fungus was also characterized using molecular methods based on ITS-PCR. The amplified sequence was compared with the available sequences in the NCBI GenBank. The sequence showed 99% similarity with other species of Pythium. Based on the morphological and molecular characters isolate was confirmed as Pythium aphanidermatum. The isolation, morphological characterization and sequencing of ITS region of rDNA will add knowledge to the scientific community for proper identification and in-depth research on the management of this plant pathogen.

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“…Various plant essential oils have been reported to have antifungal activities with no side-effects on humans and animals [11]. Essential oils derived from medicinal plants contain non-phytotoxic compounds that are potentially effective against several microorganisms including many fungal pathogens [12] such as several seed-borne, soil-borne and foliar pathogens [13][14][15]. Fungicidal and bactericidal properties of essential oils have long been studied and characterized [16,17] for the presence of active compounds as alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and isoprenoids [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing eco-friendly biofungicide for the management of major seed borne diseases of rice and assessing their physical stability and storage life

Naveenkumar

Muthukumar

Ganesan

et al. 2017

Comptes Rendus. Biologies

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Three plant oils (Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon martini, and Pelargonium graveolens) were developed as EC formulations and tested for their physical stabilities. EC formulations (10EC, 20EC and 30EC) of C. citratus, C. martini and P. graveolens had emulsion stability, spontaneity property, heat and cold stability. EC formulated plant oils were screened against the major seed borne fungi of rice such as Curvularia lunata, Fusarium moniliforme, Bipolaris oryzae, and Sarocladium oryzae. The level of inhibition varied among the concentrations of EC formulations. Among the three EC formulations, that of C. citratus oil 30EC recorded 100% inhibition on the mycelial growth of test pathogens. In the blotter paper method, rice seeds treated with a formulation of C. citratus oil 30EC controlled the infection of C. lunata, F. moniliforme, B. oryzae and S. oryzae in rice seed to the tune of 66.0%, 60.4%, 66.0% and 69.1%, respectively. Seed soaking with formulation of C. citratus oil 30EC showed the highest percentage of normal seedlings, the lowest number of abnormal seedling and fresh ungerminated seeds when tested with the roll-towel method. Seed soaking with 30EC formulation of C. citratus oil increased seed germination, shoot length, root length and vigour of rice seedlings when tested with the plastic tray method. Transmission of pathogens from seed to seedling was reduced significantly by the 30EC formulation of C. citratus oil when tested with the plastic pot method. The effect of the storage life of the 30EC formulation of C. citratus oil showed that it had retained their antifungal effect till the end of the incubation period (120 days), and is able to inhibit the mycelial growth of all test pathogens to the 100% level.

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Eco Friendly Management of Damping-off of Solanaceous Crops Caused by Pythium Species

Cited by 7 publications

References 171 publications

Pythium Damping-Off and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L.: Impacts, Diagnosis, and Management

Pythium Damping-Off and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L.: Impacts, Diagnosis, and Management

Molecular identification based on the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal nuclear DNA (rDNA) of pathogenic fungus Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp. isolated from soil and its morphology

Developing eco-friendly biofungicide for the management of major seed borne diseases of rice and assessing their physical stability and storage life

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