Eco-friendly salt-free reactive dyeing of cotton (muslin) fabric after cationization with amino acid from soya

Abstract

Bleached cotton fabric was chemically modified (cationized)with natural amino acids extract obtained by acid hydrolysis (6N HCL) from soya bean seed waste, adding MgCl2 as an acid donor in the pad-dry-calendaring process to investigate the changes in textile properties and its dyeability with reactive dye in both a conventional alkaline dye bath and salt-free acidic dye bath. This modified cotton incorporates new functional groups producing [Formula: see text] in acid bath to obtain cationized cotton, rendering it to eco-friendly salt-free reactive dyeing at acceptable shade depth without much sacrifice of other textile-related properties. Bi-functional high exhaustion-type reactive dye shows better dye uptake than mono-functional cold brand as well as hot brand reactive dye. Moreover, the application of a specific dye fixing agent further improves surface color depth ( K/ S) of the soya-modified cotton fabric. The study of surface morphology of said chemically modified cotton substrate indicates a higher degree of surface deposition, that is, more anchorage of soya extracted amino acids on cotton fabric. Chemical anchorage as per the reaction scheme postulated for such modifications is verified with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Finally, it is revealed that cotton treated with soya extract provides a new route of eco-friendly salt-free reactive dyeing with high exhaustion-type reactive dyes showing much higher dye uptake than the control cotton fabric.

Cotton in the new millennium: advances, economics, perceptions and problems

“…The results showed that salt-free and alkali-free reactive dyeing is possible in producing medium to extradark dye shades without affecting the dyeing time. Samanta et al [159] proposed a method for the eco-friendly, salt-free reactive dyeing of cotton fabric after cationisation with amino acids from soya. It was discovered from the study that cotton treated with the soya extract provided a new route for eco-friendly, salt-free reactive dyeing with high exhaustion-type reactive dyes showing much higher dye uptake than the control on the cotton fabric.…”

Dyeing property of fluorescent pigment latex on cationic knitted cotton fabrics

“…The K/S values from eight different sites on the dyed fabrics were measured using a Datacolor 650 spectrophotometer under illuminant D65 and 10 standard observer. Then 4E, namely the standard deviation of K/S value, could be calculated according to equations (7) and (8), which can be used to assess the leveling property of the dyed fabrics…”

“…A number of efforts have been made to solve these issues in the context of pigments and fabric. 7 For example, the introduction of positive charges onto the fabric surface by cationic pretreatment of fabrics, then the cationic fabrics attract pigments charging negative charges. Wang et al.…”

“…A number of efforts have been made to solve these issues in the context of pigments and fabric. 7 For example, the introduction of positive charges onto the fabric surface by cationic pretreatment of fabrics, then the cationic fabrics attract pigments charging negative charges. Wang et al 8 modified silk fiber with a cationic reagent in order to enable the fiber to be dyed with superfine pigments by an exhaust process, and the results showed that the crock and wash fastness were improved.…”

Cationization of cotton with ovalbumin to improve dyeing of modified cotton with cochineal natural dye

“…7,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Proteins from vegetable sources such as those extracted from soybean were also investigated for the same purpose. 23,24 Ovalbumin is the main protein found in egg white; 25 its use in cotton cationization has not yet been reported for improvement in dyeing. For protein fixation in cotton, crosslinkers are generally used such as those based on methylolamide (DMDHEU and DMeDHEU) [12][13][14]19 and citric acid.…”