Eco-friendly synthesis of magnetite based on tea dregs (Fe3O4-TD) for methylene blue adsorbent from simulation waste

Rahmayanti, Maya; Yahdiyani, Atika; Afifah, Ika Qurrotul

doi:10.21924/cst.7.2.2022.965

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Therefore, bentonite-Fe3O4 (1:1) with the H2O2 addition under visible irradiation can be stated as an efficient catalyst to remove any contaminants in water, especially dyes. Methylene blue is a synthetic dye commonly utilized within the batik industry [57]. Total Carbon Analysis (TOC) was employed to assess dye mineralization pre-and post-photocatalytic degradation.…”

Section: Reusability Of the Photocatalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and Congo red dyes from aqueous solutions by bentonite-Fe3O4 magnetic

Riyanti

Hasanudin

Rachmat

et al. 2023

CST

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This study describes the co-precipitation synthesis of magnetic bentonite-Fe3O4 for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and Congo red pigments under visible light. Bentonite-Fe3O4 composites were produced using the mass ratio of 2:1 and 1:1 for bentonite to Fe3O4, respectively. X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), BET surface area, Vibrating-Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Ultraviolet–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV DRS) were used to characterize the materials. The bentonite-Fe3O4 (1:1) composite exhibited a greater surface area in comparison to the bentonite-Fe3O4 (2:1) composite with a measured value of 106.6 m2/g. It is a superparamagnetic material with a band gap of 2.25 eV and a saturation magnetization of 69.64 emu/g. The photocatalytic degradation of dye using bentonite-Fe3O4 (1:1) with the initial dye concentration of 25 mg/L, volume of 50 mL, catalyst dose of 0.05 g/L, addition of 3 mL H2O2, and 90 minutes of visible irradiation resulted in 94.34% and 98.45% degradation efficiency of methylene blue and Congo red dyes, respectively. The study determined that the most favorable pH for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was pH 11, whereas the optimal pH for Congo red was found at pH 5. For methylene blue and Congo red dyes, photocatalytic degradation followed pseudo-first-order with the constant rates of 0.0356 min-1 and 0.0348 min-1, respectively. After five cycles of use in the photocatalytic process, the catalyst's degradation efficiency fell into below 5%. This research demonstrated that catalysts could be utilized in wastewater treatment technology.

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Section: Reusability Of the Photocatalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and Congo red dyes from aqueous solutions by bentonite-Fe3O4 magnetic

Riyanti

Hasanudin

Rachmat

et al. 2023

CST

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“…However, most heterogeneous catalysts require reusing filtration and centrifugation processes, which has an impact on increasing operating time, energy consumption, and production costs. This problem can be overcome by separating a heterogeneous catalyst as a magnetic catalyst using an external magnetic field and reused [10]. Magnetic catalysts can also be used in mass production with relatively low production costs [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of magnetite using petai (Parkia speciosa) peel extract with ultrasonic waves as reusable catalysts for biodiesel production from waste frying oil

et al. 2023

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Magnetite synthesis using petai (Parkia speciosa) peel extract using the sonochemical method (Fe3O4-PPE) has been successfully carried out. Fe3O4-PPE is applied as a catalyst in biodiesel production. This study aimed to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of Fe3O4-PPE and its ability as a reusable catalyst in biodiesel production using waste frying oil as the primary raw material. Characterization of Fe3O4-PPE was carried out using FTIR, XRD, and PSA instruments. Biodiesel was produced in 3 reaction cycles with the same Fe3O4-PPE catalyst. The results of the FTIR characterization showed that the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst had Fe-O bonds from Fe3O4 and -OH phenolic groups, -C-O, -C=C aromatic compounds derived from petai peel extract. The crystal size of the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst based on the results of calculations using Debye-Scherrer from the XRD chromatogram is 9.41 nm. The particle size of the Fe3O4-PPE catalyst based on analysis using PSA was divided into three groups, namely, 5.4 nm, 195 nm, and 2702.6 nm. Fe3O4-PPE was successfully used as a reusable catalyst for three cycles of biodiesel production using waste frying oil as raw material. The characteristics of Fe3O4-PPE before and after being used as a catalyst did not change. Based on GC-MS analysis, the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition of biodiesel is palmitic acid and oleic acid.

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“…Carbon materials from plants, animals, or minerals can be used to produce activated carbon [3,4]. Lansium domesticum peel waste, which is harmful to the environment [5,6], can also be converted into activated carbon, as it is abundant in Borneo Island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-stage microwave-assisted activated carbon preparation from Langsat peel raw material for adsorption of iron, manganese and copper from acid mining waste

Ni'mah,

Juliastuti,

Mahfud

2023

CST

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This study describes the efficacy of microwave technology for the preparation of an activated carbon from Lansium domesticum peel as an adsorbent to adsorb Fe, Cu, and Mn from acid mine waste. In contrast to the conventional pyrolytic carbonization technique, the described method demonstrated several unparalleled advantages, including superior energy efficiency and remarkably rapid processing. The reported microwave irradiation method was able readily to achieve a morphology and extensive surface area similar to that of a sample produced using the traditional pyrolytic carbonization method for 2 hours, and this was accomplished in just 10 minutes. The activated carbon obtained was characterized using SEM-EDX, BET-BJH, and proximate test and applied to adsorb metal ions from acid mine waste to evaluate the isothermal adsorption model. The best power for activated carbon production was 400 watts for 10 minutes, which met the requirements of ASTM D 4607 for determining the iodine value of activated carbon. Optimal mass for adsorbing Fe, Cu, and Mn from acid mine waste was 4 grams with the removal percentages of 94.08%, 83.69%, and 90.67%, respectively. BET surface area was 1367.0385 m2/g along with a BJH cumulative volume and an average pore diameter of 1.112 cm3/g and 2.25 nm, respectively. This suggests that it possesses mesoporous characteristics and adheres to the Langmuir model during the adsorption process, signifying monolayer adsorption. Meanwhile, kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order rate equation.

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Eco-friendly synthesis of magnetite based on tea dregs (Fe3O4-TD) for methylene blue adsorbent from simulation waste

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and Congo red dyes from aqueous solutions by bentonite-Fe3O4 magnetic

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and Congo red dyes from aqueous solutions by bentonite-Fe3O4 magnetic

Synthesis of magnetite using petai (Parkia speciosa) peel extract with ultrasonic waves as reusable catalysts for biodiesel production from waste frying oil

One-stage microwave-assisted activated carbon preparation from Langsat peel raw material for adsorption of iron, manganese and copper from acid mining waste

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