(Eco)toxicity and biodegradability of selected protic and aprotic ionic liquids

Evaluation of toxicity and biodegradability of choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents

“…Nevertheless, it should be bared in mind that specific mechanisms of action can depend on cell type or origin of cell line and for the more comprehensive study on DESs cytotoxicity evaluation, bigger panel of cell lines would be more than desirable. Since ILs, whose toxic effects are well investigated in different human and mammalian cell lines (Ranke et al, 2004;Stepnowski et al, 2004;Frade et al, 2009;Samori et al, 2010;Peric et al, 2013) cytotoxicity data on DESs with literature data on ILs was compared. In our previous work on imidazolium-based ILs (Radošević et al, 2013) most of the tested ILs possessed moderate or low cytotoxicity toward CCO cells, whereas a high level of cytotoxicity was only observed for 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.…”

“…Comparing the EC 50 values obtained in CCO cells for previously mentioned ILs and herein presented EC 50 values, we can conclude that the cytotoxicity of ChCl-based DESs is in overall lower than that of imidazoliumbased ILs. Recently, Peric et al (2013) conducted initial comparative hazard assessment of protic ILs derived from aliphatic amines and organic acids, showing that they are, in terms of cellular toxicity toward IPC-81 cells, much favorable than the classical substituted imidazolium and pyridinium chlorides. Namely, EC 50 values for protic ILs ranged between 339 and 3311 mg L À 1 .…”

Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) prediction of (eco)toxicity of short aliphatic protic ionic liquids

“…A new family of short aliphatic PILs has been thoroughly investigated on their (eco)toxicity and biodegradability, both in water and soil, together with comparative studies regarding the most frequently used AILs (Peric et al, 2013(Peric et al, , 2014. The aim of this study was to apply the QSAR model described by Luis et al (2007) on the EC 50 values of ILs obtained in different studies and thus be able to predict the EC 50 of the PILs that have not been tested yet.…”

<strong>Ecological effects of ionic liquids on microbial activity of a soil and on tree seed germination</strong>

“…The few studies that deal with it [1] reason, ILs effects were tested on germination. Additionally, seed germination test were also applied with this IL after being subjected to a laboratory heat treatment.…”