Research efforts have intensified
on developing superhydrophobic
surfaces on concrete structures to limit the damage caused by the
natural porosity and hydrophilicity of cementitious materials. However,
the feasibility idea is impeded by the complex preparation process
and weak adhesion/stability performance. Therefore, superhydrophobic
coatings were rapidly prepared on mortar surfaces by a straightforward
and effective one-step method using zinc oxide (ZnO) modified with
stearic acid and epoxy resin. The microstructure, physical/chemical
properties, hydrophobic properties, and stability of the coatings
were systematically investigated. The experimental results showed
that the water contact angle of the samples reached a maximum value
of 164.2° and a sliding angle of 4.6° when the stearic acid
content was 0.5 g. The water absorption of the coated superhydrophobic
mortar was reduced by approximately 61% compared to that of ordinary
mortar, and neither particulate pollutants nor liquid pollutants could
contaminate the superhydrophobic mortar. The coating maintained a
superhydrophobic state and exhibited good physical durability after
sandpaper abrasion, tape peeling, and high-temperature resistance
tests. The water cluster diffusion coefficient on surface of the
ordinary coating was 0.1645 × 10–4 and 0.0328
× 10–4 cm2/s on surface of the
modified coating after molecular dynamics simulation.