Ecological effects and management aspects of an exotic tree species: the case of lodgepole pine in Sweden

Engelmark, Ola; Sjöberg, Kjell; Andersson, B.; Rosvall, Ola; Ågren, Göran I.; Baker, William L.; Barklund, Pia; Björkman, Christer; Despain, Don G.; Elfving, Björn; Ennos, Richard A.; Karlman, Margareta; Knecht, Magnus F.; Knight, Dennis H.; Ledgard, N. J.; Lindelöw, Åke; Nilsson, Christer; Peterken, G. F.; Sörlin, Sverker; Sykes, Martin T.

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00498-9

Cited by 61 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Among those environmental factors, light obstruction by tree canopy has been shown to be the main driving factor in most northern forest ecosystems [9,17,21,32]. All those authors recognise that more open canopy (less shade) leads to both increased ground vegetation biomass and diversity.…”

Section: Why Does the Ground Vegetation Biomass Change?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass and composition of understory vegetation and the forest floor carbon stock across Siberian larch and mountain birch chronosequences in Iceland

Sigurðsson

Magnússon²,

Elmarsdóttir³

et al. 2005

Ann. For. Sci.

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-Changes in understory biomass, forest floor carbon (C) stock and vegetation composition were studied in six age-classes of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) and two age-classes of native birch (Betula pubescens) in Iceland. The ground vegetation was less in the larch during the thicket stage and in the old-growth birch compared to a treeless pasture. Understory biomass was strongly related to canopy gap fraction across forest stands (P < 0.001), but not to soil pH or soil C/N ratio. Increased mass of dead wood and alterations in vegetation composition increased the forest floor C-stock of older forests. The forest floor had reached as high C-stock as the pasture's ground vegetation in ca. 50 years in the managed larch plantations and in ca. hundred years in the unmanaged birch forest. This study clearly shows the importance of which time-step is used when changes in forest floor C-stocks are computed for afforestation areas.Betula pubescens / carbon sequestration / woody debris / Larix sibirica / understory Résumé -Biomasse et composition de la végétation de sous-bois, et stock de carbone du sol dans une chronoséquence de mélèze de Sibérie et de bouleau pubescent en Islande. Nous avons étudié en Islande les modifications de biomasse, de composition floristique, et de stock de carbone en sous bois dans des peuplements de mélèze de Sibérie correspondant à 6 classes d'âge, et dans des peuplements de bouleau pubescent correspondant à deux classes d'âge. En comparaison avec une pâture non boisée, la végétation au sol était moins développée dans le peuplement de mélèze au stade gaulis et dans celui de bouleau mature. La biomasse au sol était fortement corrélée à la fraction de trouées dans l'ensemble des peuplements (p < 0,001) mais ni au pH du sol ou au rapport C/N. Une quantité croissante de bois mort et des changements dans la composition floristique étaient à l'origine de la croissance des stocks de carbone au sol dans les peuplement âgés. La surface du sol était aussi riche en carbone que la végétation d'une pâture dès l'âge de 50 ans dans les plantations gérées de mélèze atteignant 50 ans environ et dans des peuplements spontanés de bouleau à 100 ans. Cette étude montre clairement l'importance du choix du pas de temps pour l'estimation des stocks de carbone au sol de peuplements forestiers. séquestration de carbone / débris ligneux / sous-bois

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Section: Why Does the Ground Vegetation Biomass Change?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass and composition of understory vegetation and the forest floor carbon stock across Siberian larch and mountain birch chronosequences in Iceland

Sigurðsson

Magnússon²,

Elmarsdóttir³

et al. 2005

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…However, the use of intensive forestry may also affect other valuable functions of the forest ) and involve trade-offs with ecological sustainability (Colombo et al 2012). Environmental risks associated with the introduction of exotic trees include self-dispersal of the species to new environments, the spread of pathogens and pests to native systems and ecosystems and changes to ecosystem processes, structures, and biodiversity (Engelmark et al 2001). The risks of clone cultivation include susceptibility to fungi or insect attacks (Bishir and Roberds 1999) and decreased biodiversity (Carnus et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A predicted timber shortage led to the largescale introduction of the North-American Lodgepole pine in the 1970s. However, environmental concerns and problems with pathogens and tree instability led to increased restrictions and in 2001, approximately 3 % of the productive forest land was covered in Lodgepole pines (Engelmark et al 2001). One study from 1989 suggest that such forest stands might be perceived as less natural than stands of indigenous tree species, but not less suitable for recreation (Kardell and Wallsten 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Perceptions and Acceptance of Intensive Forestry in Sweden

Hemström

Mahapatra

Gustavsson

2013

AMBIO

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“…Within the last 20 years, scientific understanding of the ecological risks associated with the long-term use of nonnative trees has grown significantly in response to the perceived negative effects of non-native trees on native ecosystems (Engelmark et al 2000, Karlman 2001, Leege and Murphy 2001, Peterken 2001, Webb et al 2001. When nonnative trees are introduced into novel habitats they can affect the ecosystem by altering native populations through inhibiting germination, establishing new hybrid plants followed by introgression, or reducing growth rates of the native species due to their high susceptibility to disease and pests (Anderson 1949, Henry and Barnes 1977, Engelmark et al 2000, Leege and Murphy 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When nonnative trees are introduced into novel habitats they can affect the ecosystem by altering native populations through inhibiting germination, establishing new hybrid plants followed by introgression, or reducing growth rates of the native species due to their high susceptibility to disease and pests (Anderson 1949, Henry and Barnes 1977, Engelmark et al 2000, Leege and Murphy 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering phenology and seed viability of native and non-native poplars in north-central Alberta

Huybregts¹,

Thomas²,

Dancik³

2007

The Forestry Chronicle

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In Alberta, Canada, the provincial government currently restricts the establishment of hybrid poplars to private land or small research plantings on Crown lands, because of the unknown risks associated with using non-native trees. Industry is interested in utilizing hybrid poplars on a larger scale for fibre production and reclamation. This interest has driven the need to better understand the genetic risks associated with the deployment of these non-native trees within a matrix of natural poplar stands and agricultural plantings. The first step to understanding the potential risks associated with the use of non-native poplars is to assess flowering phenology and seedling development of both native and non-native poplars growing in the same region. Flowering data were collected and graphed for 38 clones of native Populus balsamifera, 20 clones of native P. tremuloides, and 13 non-native poplar clones (seven hybrid poplar clones and six P. davidiana seedlings) in north-central Alberta. Based on the overlapping flowering patterns and the development of normal seedlings, some potential for hybridization between native and non-native poplars exists.Key words: hybridization, hybrid poplars, Populus balsamifera, P. davidiana, P. tremuloides, risk RÉSUMÉEn Alberta, Canada, le gouvernement provincial confine présentement l'utilisation des peupliers hybrides aux terrains privés ou à de petites plantations de recherche sur les terres publiques, à cause des risques inconnus associés à l'utilisation d'espèces non-indigènes. L'industrie est intéressée par l'utilisation de peupliers hybrides sur une plus grande échelle dans une optique de production de fibre et de mise en valeur. Cet intérêt a engendré la nécessité de mieux comprendre les risques génétiques associés au déploiement de ces arbres non-indigènes au coeur d'un ensemble de peuplements naturels de peuplier et de plantations agricoles. La première étape vers cette compréhension des risques potentiels associés à l'utilisation des peupliers non-indigènes est d'évaluer la phénologie de la floraison et du développement des semences tant des peupliers indigènes que non-indigènes en croissance dans la même région. Les données sur la floraison ont été recueillies et mises en graphique pour 38 clones indigènes de Populus balsamifera, 20 clones indigènes de P. tremuloides et 13 clones non-indigènes de peuplier (sept clones de peupliers hybrides et six semis de P. davidiana) du centre-nord de l'Alberta. À cause des calendriers de floraison et de développement des semis habituels qui se chevauchent, il existe certaines possibilités d'hybridation entre les peupliers indigènes et non indigènes. Zsuffa 1975). Similarly, a land race trial (testing species or provenances in an exotic environment) of P. davidiana Dode (section Populus) could potentially spread that species' genes into native P. tremuloides stands.poplar farms in Alberta, and are likely biologically compatible with native P. balsamifera, as their parentage is from sections Aigeiros and Tacamahaca (The close p...

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Ecological effects and management aspects of an exotic tree species: the case of lodgepole pine in Sweden

Cited by 61 publications

References 18 publications

Biomass and composition of understory vegetation and the forest floor carbon stock across Siberian larch and mountain birch chronosequences in Iceland

Biomass and composition of understory vegetation and the forest floor carbon stock across Siberian larch and mountain birch chronosequences in Iceland

Public Perceptions and Acceptance of Intensive Forestry in Sweden

Flowering phenology and seed viability of native and non-native poplars in north-central Alberta

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