Ecological Functions of Wetlands

Nyman, John A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0551-7_6

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Additionally, peatlands are a primary source of dissolved organic matter that is created by anoxic and acidic conditions and is exported downstream (Schiff et al 1998;Nyman 2011). Therefore, disruptions to these biogeochemical processes in peatlands through peat harvesting activities can influence the production and hydrologic transfer of such elements (Laine et al 1995).…”

Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on water and wetlands in Canada’s boreal zone

et al. 2015

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Industrial development within Canada's boreal zone has increased in recent decades. Forest management activities, pulp and paper operations, electric power generation, mining, conventional oil and gas extraction, nonconventional oil sand development, and peat mining occur throughout the boreal zone with varying impacts on water resources. We review impacts of these industries on surface water, groundwater, and wetlands recognizing that heterogeneity in the dominance of different hydrologic processes (i.e., precipitation, evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge, and runoff generation) across the boreal zone influences the degree of impacts on water resources. Through the application of best management practices, forest certification programs, and science-based guidelines, timber, pulp and paper, and peat industries have reduced their impacts on water resources, although uncertainties remain about long-term recovery following disturbance. Hydroelectric power developments have moved toward reducing reservoir size and creating more natural flow regimes, although impacts of aging infrastructure and dam decommissioning is largely unknown. Mineral and metal mining industries have improved regulation and practices, but the legacy of abandoned mines across the boreal zone still presents an ongoing risk to water resources. Oil and gas industries, including non-conventional resources such as oil sands, is one of the largest industrial users of water and, while significant progress has been made in reducing water use, more work is needed to ensure the protection of water resources. All industries contribute to atmospheric deposition of pollutants that may eventually be released to downstream waters. Although most industrial sectors strive to improve their environmental performance with regards to water resources, disruptions to natural flow regimes and risks of degraded water quality exist at local to regional scales in the boreal zone. Addressing the emerging challenge of managing the expanding, intensifying, and cumulative effects of industries in conjunction with other stressors, such as climate change and atmospheric pollution, across the landscape will aid in preserving Canada's rich endowment of water resources.Key words: natural resources, development, hydrology, biogeochemistry, cumulative effects, water quality, water quantity. Résumé :Le développement industriel dans la zone boréale canadienne s'est accru au cours des récentes décades. Les activités en aménagement forestier, les opérations dans les pâtes et papiers, la génération de pouvoir électrique, les mines, l'extraction de l'huile et du gaz conventionnel, le développement non conventionnel des sables bitumineux ainsi que le prélèvement de la tourbe s'effectuent sur l'ensemble de la zone boréale avec divers impacts sur les ressources hydriques. Les auteurs passent en revue les impacts de ces industries sur l'eau de surface, l'eau souterraine et les terrains humides, tout en reconnaissant que l'hétérogénéité de la dominance des différents processus ...

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Section: Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on water and wetlands in Canada’s boreal zone

et al. 2015

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“…In the context of the boreal zone, wetlands are the forest areas that are frequently or continuously saturated with water, including fens, bogs, marshes, swamps, and wooded pools, and any of those containing >40 cm depth of peat development can be classified as peatlands (Webster et al Manuscript in preparation). Disturbance of boreal wetlands is of particular concern because boreal wetlands are unique ecotypes, are prevalent in boreal forest landscapes, and are integral contributors to overall boreal ecosystem services, such as production and storage of clean water, provision of critical habitats for several species, and sequestration of carbon (Wieder and Vitt 2006;Tarnocai et al 2009;Nyman 2011;Wells et al 2010).…”

Section: Peat Miningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on aquatic biodiversity in Canada’s boreal zone

et al. 2013

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Conservation efforts to sustain water resources and aquatic biodiversity in boreal watersheds will require reliable information on the recent status of various indicator species and an improved understanding of the risks to aquatic biodiversity posed by resource development activities. We reviewed the recent state of knowledge on the responses of aquatic biodiversity to forest management, pulp and paper mill effluents, hydroelectric impoundments, mining of minerals and metals, oil sands extractions, and peat mining and offer a prognosis for aquatic biodiversity under each of these environmental stressors. Despite the prevalence of natural resource development in Canada’s largest forest ecosystem, there was a limited amount of published literature on the effects of many of the disturbance types on various indicators of aquatic biodiversity, making it difficult to produce a current and reliable status assessment. Across most of the boreal zone, there is a lack of coordinated, consistent data collection for many of the bioindicators and disturbance types discussed in this review. Forecasting the future state of aquatic biodiversity across the boreal zone is challenged by increasing natural resource development and its interactions with other stressors, especially climate change. The cumulative effects of multiple stressors coupled with resource development activities in boreal watersheds remain largely unknown. More importantly, the ecological thresholds for these cumulative effects (that is, the point at which aquatic ecosystems and their biodiversity cannot recover to a desired state within a reasonable time frame) are also unknown and remain gaps in our knowledge. The recent literature identifies a number of risks to aquatic biodiversity at local (tens of square kilometres) to regional (hundreds of square kilometres) scales associated with natural resource development. There are indications that many of these risks can be minimized by “greener” technologies for resource development and reclamation, practical conservation planning and regulation, and increased stewardship in watershed management, although the effectiveness of many of these measures cannot yet be assessed from the published literature.

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“…Ovde se može naći veliki broj obalnih i ptica močvarica, sisara, vodozemaca, gmizavaca i insekata. Dok su određene vrste retke i ugrožene, pojedine mogu biti značajne za lov i ribolov (Mitsch, Gosselink, 2015);…”

Section: Rezultati Sa Diskusijomunclassified

“…Mrguda u Srbiji ima status strogo zaštićene divlje vrste. Na osnovu IUCN Crvene liste ugroženih vrsta (Red List of Threatened Species) ima status ranjive vrste -Vulnerable A2c (Noakes, 2013). Na nacionalnom nivou ima status kritično ugrožene vrste (CR) i nalazi se u neposrednoj opasnosti od iščezavanja (Mesaroš, 2014).…”

Section: Rezultati Sa Diskusijomunclassified

The significance of wetlands for the sustainable tourism of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina

Trišić¹

2019

Turističko poslovanje

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Sažetak: Vlažna staništa su prostori vrlo retkih i krhkih ekosistema. Imaju višestruku prirodnu ulogu, kako u pogledu zaštite od prirodnih uticaja, tako i pogledu obezbeđenja staništa za brojne predstavnike flore i faune. Uloga vlažnih staništa u razvoju održivog turizma AP Vojvodine je značajna. Prihodom od turističke potrošnje direktno se unapređuje zaštita ugroženih biljnih i životinjskih vrsta, razvijaju infrastruktura i objekti za različite oblike turizma. Sa druge strane, direktno ili indirektno, povećava se zarada lokalnog stanovništva od turističke potrošnje. Apstrakt: Vlažna staništa su prostori vrlo retkih i krhkih ekosistema. Imaju višestruku prirodnu ulogu, kako u pogledu zaštite od prirodnih uticaja, tako i pogledu obezbeđenja staništa za brojne predstavnike flore i faune. Uloga vlažnih staništa u razvoju održivog turizma AP Vojvodine je značajna. Prihodom od turističke potrošnje direktno se unapređuje zaštita ugroženih biljnih i životinjskih vrsta, razvijaju infrastruktura i objekti za različite oblike turizma. Sa druge strane, direktno ili indirektno, povećava se zarada lokalnog stanovništva od turističke potrošnje.

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Ecological Functions of Wetlands

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on water and wetlands in Canada’s boreal zone

Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on water and wetlands in Canada’s boreal zone

Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on aquatic biodiversity in Canada’s boreal zone

The significance of wetlands for the sustainable tourism of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina

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