Ecological Restoration and Physiology: An Overdue Integration

Cooke, Steven J.; Suski, Cory D.

doi:10.1641/b581009

Cited by 106 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…Despite the recent publication of several syntheses [5,[7][8][9][10][11], and convening of symposia [12][13][14][15] that document growing interest in applying physiology to conservation issues, it is important to question whether conservation physiology is informing policy and management. On the one hand, Cooke & O'Connor [16] suggest that conservation physiology has much to offer policy-makers because of the rigorous experimental approach and the focus on elucidating causeand-effect relationships in individuals (also see [11]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation physiology in practice: how physiological knowledge has improved our ability to sustainably manage Pacific salmon during up-river migration

Cooke

Hinch

Donaldson

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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116

100

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Despite growing interest in conservation physiology, practical examples of how physiology has helped to understand or to solve conservation problems remain scarce. Over the past decade, an interdisciplinary research team has used a conservation physiology approach to address topical conservation concerns for Pacific salmon. Here, we review how novel applications of tools such as physiological telemetry, functional genomics and laboratory experiments on cardiorespiratory physiology have shed light on the effect of fisheries capture and release, disease and individual condition, and stock-specific consequences of warming river temperatures, respectively, and discuss how these findings have or have not benefited Pacific salmon management. Overall, physiological tools have provided remarkable insights into the effects of fisheries capture and have helped to enhance techniques for facilitating recovery from fisheries capture. Stock-specific cardiorespiratory thresholds for thermal tolerances have been identified for sockeye salmon and can be used by managers to better predict migration success, representing a rare example that links a physiological scope to fitness in the wild population. Functional genomics approaches have identified physiological signatures predictive of individual migration mortality. Although fisheries managers are primarily concerned with population-level processes, understanding the causes of en route mortality provides a mechanistic explanation and can be used to refine management models. We discuss the challenges that we have overcome, as well as those that we continue to face, in making conservation physiology relevant to managers of Pacific salmon.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation physiology in practice: how physiological knowledge has improved our ability to sustainably manage Pacific salmon during up-river migration

Cooke

Hinch

Donaldson

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

Self Cite

116

100

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“…Given the protracted summer drought conditions typical for MCEs, physiological mechanisms for resisting drought are critical for coping with low soil water availability and high evaporative demand ) and survival of developing juvenile vegetation (Crombie 1997). Physiological measurements can be used to monitor direct responses to restoration treatments and hence provide a powerful tool for the evaluation of restoration efforts (Cooke and Suski 2008). Leaf gas-exchange and leaf water potentials provide sensitive indicators of changes in plant water and carbon relations associated with restoration treatments (Chen et al 2005 ).…”

Section: ; Klausmeyer and Shaw 2009)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting seedling physiological performance and early establishment in degraded Mediterranean-type ecosystems

et al. 2015

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Mediterranean climate ecosystems (MCEs) are amongst the most heavily degraded ecosystems worldwide. Restoration efforts are challenged by high vulnerability to extreme drought, which is projected to become more frequent with future climate change. The aim of our study was to determine whether restoration efforts could be enhanced through the individual and combined effects of the site preparation technique of soil ripping and the addition of fertilisers.We tested the effects of ripping and fertiliser (± surfactant) on survival, shoot height, crown health, root biomass and leaf physiology of Eucalyptus gomphocephala seedlings in degraded MCEs in Western Australia. Restoration treatments had a much stronger impact under closed canopy (forest) compared to open canopy (woodland) conditions. In the forest, soil ripping doubled seedling survival and together with fertiliser application enhanced shoot height 2.35-fold relative to control seedlings. Ripping resulted in more favourable leaf water potentials and enhanced stomatal conductance suggesting increased water availability compared to unripped soil. In the woodland, fertilisation improved seedling survival and stimulated shoot height (+45%) and root biomass (>2-fold). Our results demonstrate that restoration techniques targeting the co-limitation by water and nutrients can greatly increase chances of successful restoration in these types of ecosystems.

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“…The evaluation of the quality of seedlings can be carried out through morphological and physiological parameters (Cooke & Suski, 2008;Campoe et al, 2014.). Therefore, the different parameters must be considered for the determination of the most suitable input to produce seedlings, in order to obtain more consistent results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphophysiological responses of Ilex paraguariensis seedlings to different substrates and fertilizations

Zavistanovicz

Araújo

Aimi

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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A B S T R A C TThe increasing demand for Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill (yerba mate) by-products generated the need for producing a greater quantity of seedlings and improve their quality. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of different substrates combined with base fertilization for Ilex paraguariensis seedlings, through morphophysiological parameters. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 5 x 3 factorial arrangement, and the treatments consisted of five substrate formulations combined with two fertilizers, and a control without fertilization, in November 2013. The I. paraguariensis seedlings produced in the substrate consisted of subsurface soil, cattle manure and charred rice hulls (2:2:1) presented the greatest heights (53.36 cm), stem diameter (6.80 mm), leaf area (692.52 cm 2 ), root dry weight (6.2 g) and total dry weight (16.4 g). The efficiency of the different fertilizations used was similar regarding the seedling growth. The physiological parameters did not differ between treatments. The substrate composed of subsurface soil, manure and charred rice hulls (2:2:1) and fertilization with urea (0.7 g L -1 ) single superphosphate (8.0 g L -1 ) and potassium chloride (0.4 g L -1 ) is recommended for producing I. paraguariensis seedlings. Parâmetros morfofisiológicos como resposta ao substrato e adubação em mudas de Ilex paraguariensis R E S U M OA demanda crescente pela utilização de subprodutos de Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill (erva-mate) gerou a necessidade de se produzir mudas em maior quantidade e melhor qualidade. Assim, este estudo objetivou identificar a eficiência de substratos alternativos em combinação com adubação de base em mudas de Ilex paraguariensis, por meio da avaliação de parâmetros morfofisiológicos. Como tratamentos utilizou-se um fatorial 5 x 3 com cinco formulações de substrato combinadas a dois tipos de adubação, mais uma testemunha sem adubação, em novembro de 2013. O substrato composto por terra de subsolo, esterco bovino e casca de arroz carbonizada (2:2:1) apresentou as maiores médias para altura (53,36 cm), diâmetro do coleto (6,80 mm), área foliar (692,52 cm 2 ), massa seca radicular (6,2 g) e total (16,4 g). As adubações utilizadas proporcionaram eficiência semelhante no desenvolvimento das mudas; já os parâmetros fisiológicos não diferiram entre os tratamentos. Sugere-se, então, para a produção de mudas de Ilex paraguariensis, o uso do substrato composto por terra de subsolo, esterco bovino e casca de arroz carbonizada (2:2:1) e adubação com ureia (0,4 g L -1 ), superfosfato simples (8,0 g L -1 ) e cloreto de potássio (0,7 g L -1 ).

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Ecological Restoration and Physiology: An Overdue Integration

Abstract: There is growing recognition that opportunities exist to use physiology as part of the conservation and management

Cited by 106 publications

References 74 publications

Conservation physiology in practice: how physiological knowledge has improved our ability to sustainably manage Pacific salmon during up-river migration

Conservation physiology in practice: how physiological knowledge has improved our ability to sustainably manage Pacific salmon during up-river migration

Promoting seedling physiological performance and early establishment in degraded Mediterranean-type ecosystems

Morphophysiological responses of Ilex paraguariensis seedlings to different substrates and fertilizations

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