ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ENDO-/ECTOMYCORRHIZAE IN THE OAK SUB-GENUS<i>ERYTHROBALANUS</i>

Watson, Gary; Heide-Spravka, Kerstin G. von der; Howe, Virgil K.

doi:10.1080/03071375.1990.9746833

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…). For Quercus palustris , during very wet years, resulting in poorly aerated conditions, on floodplain sites, AM roots predominated with a considerable reduction of EM colonization (Watson et al ., ), which supports the hypothesis that flooding favors dual status. Further, Leptospermum scoparium was reported as being entirely AM in four out of 10 samples from wet coastal sites in New Zealand (Moyersoen & Fitter, ) and nearly entirely EM in dry montane sites (Weijtmans et al ., ).…”

Section: Non‐nutritional Benefits Of Dual‐mycorrhizal Statussupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Moyersoen & Fitter (1999) also suggest that waterlogged soils favor AM fungi over EM fungi in Uapaca staudtii (Fig. 4), and Watson et al (1990) found a greater abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizas in lowland, poorly draining and periodically flooded sites on Quercus rubra (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…), and Watson et al . () found a greater abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizas in lowland, poorly draining and periodically flooded sites on Quercus rubra (Fig. ).…”

Section: Non‐nutritional Benefits Of Dual‐mycorrhizal Statusmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…We used data from the following studies: McGee (), Lodge (), Watson et al . (), Moyersoen & Fitter (), Chen et al . (), Dickie et al .…”

Section: Non‐nutritional Benefits Of Dual‐mycorrhizal Statusmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Dual‐mycorrhizal plants: their ecology and relevance

2019

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Summary Dual‐mycorrhizal plants are capable of associating with fungi that form characteristic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) structures. Here, we address the following questions: (1) How many dual‐mycorrhizal plant species are there? (2) What are the advantages for a plant to host two, rather than one, mycorrhizal types? (3) Which factors can provoke shifts in mycorrhizal dominance (i.e. mycorrhizal switching)? We identify a large number (89 genera within 32 families) of confirmed dual‐mycorrhizal plants based on observing arbuscules or coils for AM status and Hartig net or similar structures for EM status within the same plant species. We then review the possible nutritional benefits and discuss the possible mechanisms leading to net costs and benefits. Cost and benefits of dual‐mycorrhizal status appear to be context dependent, particularly with respect to the life stage of the host plant. Mycorrhizal switching occurs under a wide range of abiotic and biotic factors, including soil moisture and nutrient status. The relevance of dual‐mycorrhizal plants in the ecological restoration of adverse sites where plants are not carbon limited is discussed. We conclude that dual‐mycorrhizal plants are underutilized in ecophysiological‐based experiments, yet are powerful model plant–fungal systems to better understand mycorrhizal symbioses without confounding host effects.

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Section: Non‐nutritional Benefits Of Dual‐mycorrhizal Statussupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…), and Watson et al . () found a greater abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizas in lowland, poorly draining and periodically flooded sites on Quercus rubra (Fig. ).…”

Section: Non‐nutritional Benefits Of Dual‐mycorrhizal Statusmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…We used data from the following studies: McGee (), Lodge (), Watson et al . (), Moyersoen & Fitter (), Chen et al . (), Dickie et al .…”

Section: Non‐nutritional Benefits Of Dual‐mycorrhizal Statusmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Dual‐mycorrhizal plants: their ecology and relevance

2019

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“…Rudimentary coils (see Smith and Read 1997) were observed in a small number of seedlings. VAM infection of Quercus has been previously described (Henry 1933, Grand 1969, Rothwell et al 1983, Watson et al 1990, Dickie et al 2001. We are unaware of any study that has determined if VAM infection of Quercus is beneficial or detrimental to seedling nutrition or growth, although Smith et al (1998) found that VAM infection increased P uptake in the typically ectomycorrhizal Pinaceae.…”

Section: Vam Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Established Trees on Mycorrhizas, Nutrition, and Growth of Quercus Rubra Seedlings

Dickie

Steiner

2002

Ecological Monographs

166

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Established plants may facilitate the regeneration of closely related seedlings if they increase populations of mutualistic symbionts that would otherwise be limiting. In this study we examined the influence of ectomycorrhizal and vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) trees on Quercus rubra seedlings to determine how trees influence mycorrhizal infection, nutrient uptake, and growth of seedlings. In two related experiments, we planted Q. rubra acorns adjacent to stump sprouts of Q. montana (=Near‐Quercus) and Acer rubrum (=Near‐Acer), and, in the second experiment, near Quercus spp. stumps that had not resprouted (=Near‐Dead‐Quercus). Congeneric Quercus were used to prevent root grafting; using stump sprouts minimized aboveground differences between treatments by limiting canopy size. In both experiments, Near‐Quercus seedlings were infected by ectomycorrhizal fungi to a significantly greater extent than Near‐Acer or Near‐Dead‐Quercus seedlings. Near‐Quercus seedlings were also infected by a different and more diverse community of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Cenococcum geophilum, the only ectomycorrhizal fungus more abundant on Near‐Acer seedlings than on Near‐Quercus seedlings, appears to be relatively ineffective at increasing seedling nutrient uptake. Near‐Quercus seedlings had greater concentrations and contents of N and P than other seedlings in both experiments. In the first experiment, Near‐Quercus seedlings had greater growth than Near‐Acer seedlings, although it was not clear if this represented beneficial influences of Q. montana, or an undetermined negative influence of A. rubrum. No significant growth responses were found in the second experiment; severe drought may have prevented the expression of growth potential. The results demonstrate indirect facilitation of seedlings by established congeneric trees through increased seedling ectomycorrhizal infection.

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The Potential Role of Mycorrhizae in the Growth and Establishment of Juniperus Seedlings

Bush

2008

Western North American Juniperus Communities

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ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ENDO-/ECTOMYCORRHIZAE IN THE OAK SUB-GENUSERYTHROBALANUS

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Dual‐mycorrhizal plants: their ecology and relevance

Dual‐mycorrhizal plants: their ecology and relevance

Influences of Established Trees on Mycorrhizas, Nutrition, and Growth of Quercus Rubra Seedlings

The Potential Role of Mycorrhizae in the Growth and Establishment of Juniperus Seedlings

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