Ecological significance of mineral weathering in ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal ecosystems from a field-based comparison

Koele, Nina; Dickie, Ian A.; Blum, Joel D.; Gleason, James D.; Graaf, Lenka de

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.10.041

Cited by 80 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Biochemical weathering can result from the action of bacterial and fungal chelators (Burford et al 2006), protons or siderophores that can alter the chemical structure or behavior of clays (Gadd 2010;Courty et al 2010). Among the fungal groups, ectomycorrhizal fungi may play an outsized role in weathering (Van Breeman et al 2000) although recent evidence suggests both arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi may have comparable effects on mineral weathering rates (Koele et al 2014;Remiszewski et al 2016).…”

Section: Strength Of Organo-mineral Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minerals in the rhizosphere: overlooked mediators of soil nitrogen availability to plants and microbes

et al. 2018

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Despite decades of research progress, ecologists are still debating which pools and fluxes provide nitrogen (N) to plants and soil microbes across different ecosystems. Depolymerization of soil organic N is recognized as the rate-limiting step in the production of bioavailable N, and it is generally assumed that detrital N is the main source. However, in many mineral soils, detrital polymers constitute a minor fraction of total soil organic N. The majority of organic N is associated with clay-sized particles where physicochemical interactions may limit the accessibility of N-containing compounds. Although mineralassociated organic matter (MAOM) has historically been considered a critical, but relatively passive, reservoir of soil N, a growing body of research now points to the dynamic nature of mineral-organic associations and their potential for destabilization. Here we synthesize evidence from biogeoscience and soil ecology to demonstrate how MAOM is an important, yet overlooked, mediator of bioavailable N, especially in the rhizosphere. We highlight several biochemical strategies that enable plants and microbes /doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0459-5 to disrupt mineral-organic interactions and access MAOM. In particular, root-deposited low-molecularweight exudates may enhance the mobilization and solubilization of MAOM, increasing its bioavailability. However, the competitive balance between the possible fates of N monomers-bound to mineral surfaces versus dissolved and available for assimilation-will depend on the specific interaction between mineral properties, soil solution, mineral-bound organic matter, and microbes. Building off our emerging understanding of MAOM as a source of bioavailable N, we propose a revision of the Schimel and Bennett (Ecology 85:591-602, 2004) model (which emphasizes N depolymerization), by incorporating MAOM as a potential proximal mediator of bioavailable N.123 Biogeochemistry (2018) 139:103-122 https:/

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Section: Strength Of Organo-mineral Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minerals in the rhizosphere: overlooked mediators of soil nitrogen availability to plants and microbes

et al. 2018

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“…DNA metabarcoding studies were uncommon across the continents of South America and Africa. Five studies were included from New Zealand Collins et al 2013;Pochon et al 2013Pochon et al , 2015bTeasdale et al 2013); however, a large number of other studies were not included in our search results including Hamdan et al (2011), Jangid et al (2013), Hug et al (2014), Koele et al (2014), Sharp et al (2014), Martinez-Garcia et al (2015) and Morrison-Whittle & Goddard (2015).…”

Section: Locations Of Prior Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using 454 pyrosequencing it was possible to amplify the entire ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region using primers ITS1F and ITS4 (White et al 1990) and sequence either end to obtain ITS1 and ITS2 fragments (e.g. Koele et al 2014). …”

Section: Current Practices For the Analysis Of Fungal Communities Witmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for the extraction, storage, amplification and sequencing of DNA from environmental samples

Lear¹,

Dickie²,

Banks³

et al. 2018

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Advances in the sequencing of DNA extracted from media such as soil and water offer huge opportunities for biodiversity monitoring and assessment, particularly where the collection or identification of whole organisms is impractical. However, there are myriad methods for the extraction, storage, amplification and sequencing of DNA from environmental samples. To help overcome potential biases that may impede the effective comparison of biodiversity data collected by different researchers, we propose a standardised set of procedures for use on different taxa and sample media, largely based on recent trends in their use. Our recommendations describe important steps for sample pre-processing and include the use of (a) Qiagen DNeasy PowerSoil ® and PowerMax ® kits for extraction of DNA from soil, sediment, faeces and leaf litter; (b) DNeasy PowerSoil ® for extraction of DNA from plant tissue; (c) DNeasy Blood and Tissue kits for extraction of DNA from animal tissue; (d) DNeasy Blood and Tissue kits for extraction of DNA from macroorganisms in water and ice; and (e) DNeasy PowerWater ® kits for extraction of DNA from microorganisms in water and ice. Based on key parameters, including the specificity and inclusivity of the primers for the target sequence, we recommend the use of the following primer pairs to amplify DNA for analysis by Illumina MiSeq DNA sequencing: (a) 515f and 806RB to target bacterial 16S rRNA genes (including regions V3 and V4); (b) #3 and #5RC to target eukaryote 18S rRNA genes (including regions V7 and V8); (c) #3 and #5RC are also recommended for the routine analysis of protist community DNA; (d) ITS6F and ITS7R to target the chromistan ITS1 internal transcribed spacer region; (e) S2F and S3R to target the ITS2 internal transcribed spacer in terrestrial plants; (f) fITS7 or gITS7, and ITS4 to target the fungal ITS2 region; (g) NS31 and AML2 to target glomeromycota 18S rRNA genes; and (h) mICOIintF and jgHCO2198 to target cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes in animals. More research is currently required to confirm primers suitable for the selective amplification of DNA from specific vertebrate taxa such as fish. Combined, these recommendations represent a framework for efficient, comprehensive and robust DNA-based investigations of biodiversity, applicable to most taxa and ecosystems. The adoption of standardised protocols for biodiversity assessment and monitoring using DNA extracted from environmental samples will enable more informative comparisons among datasets, generating significant benefits for ecological science and biosecurity applications.

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“…Some studies have suggested that observed tunneling features could be caused not simply by EcM hyphae but rather by acidification around the mineral area brought on by root respiration, bacteria or other fungi (Sverdrup, 2009;Koele et al, 2013). Smits et al (2014) argued, by studying a biological gradient across a natural lead contamination gradient, that EcM fungi have negligible effects on apatite dissolution rates.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental and isotopic perspectives on the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi on mineral weathering across imposed geologic gradients

et al. 2016

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Please cite this article as: Remiszewski, K.A., Bryce, J.G., Fahnestock, M.F., Pettitt, E.A., Blichert-Toft, J., A.Vadeboncoeur, M., Bailey, S.W., Elemental and isotopic perspectives on the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi on mineral weathering across imposed geologic gradients, Chemical Geology (2016), Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, ectomycorrhizal fungi, biological weathering, strontium isotope, lead isotope, mesh in-growth bags Highlights: Field experiments were conducted to assess arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) weathering. Mesh in-growth bags with different lithologies were deployed in temperate forest stands dominated by either AM-or EcM-symbioses. Mg, P, and Ca concentrations and Pb and Sr isotopic compositions were measured in resulting leachates after 100-day deployment. Only Ca concentrations were significantly different between treatments, with AM plot bags yielding higher concentrations. Major element concentrations paired with isotopic ratios suggest similar dissolution reactions occurring in both sites. AbstractSymbiotic mycorrhizal fungi are thought to play a role in weathering by targeting minerals that contain required plant nutrients, such as phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca). Field experiments coupled with geochemical analyses can provide insights into nutrient cycling in forest landscapes dominated by arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi. In-growth bags containing different rock types of varying nutrient content (granite, tonalite) were fabricated to create an in-situ geologic gradient for 100-day deployment in two forest stands dominated by different mycorrhizal symbioses in Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire, USA. Mineral dissolution within the substrate bags under different biologic conditions was assessed via analysis of major elemental nutrients (Ca, Mg, and P) and isotope ratios of lead (Pb) and strontium (Sr) on leachates representing both the easily exchangeable and future available weatherable mineral stores. We hypothesized that the two types of mycorrhizal fungi would differ in their weathering ability and would show significant variations in tracers of mineral weathering from the same rock type in the two stand but only Ca concentrations in the exchangeable solution of the tonalite and the future weatherable stores solutions of both tonalite and granite varied significantly between the two fungal types. The other measured nutrient concentrations (Mg, P) and Pb and Sr isotopic compositions of the exchangeable and weathering solutions were not significantly different within lithology. Taken together, the results suggest that weathering fluxes in AM-and EcM-dominated forest stands may be more comparable than previously argued.

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Ecological significance of mineral weathering in ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal ecosystems from a field-based comparison

Cited by 80 publications

References 44 publications

Minerals in the rhizosphere: overlooked mediators of soil nitrogen availability to plants and microbes

Minerals in the rhizosphere: overlooked mediators of soil nitrogen availability to plants and microbes

Methods for the extraction, storage, amplification and sequencing of DNA from environmental samples

Elemental and isotopic perspectives on the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi on mineral weathering across imposed geologic gradients

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