Ecological study of gastric cancer in Brazil: Geographic and time trend analysis

Amorim, César Augusto; Moreira, Jacqueline de Oliveira; Rial, Luisa; Carneiro, Antonio José V.; Fogaça, Homero Soares; Elia, Celeste C.; Luiz, Ronir Raggio; Souza, Heitor Siffert Pereira de

doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i17.5036

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the years thereafter, the least developed regions of the country, Northeast (Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba) and North region (Pará, Amazonas and Acre), became high-risk clusters for GC-related deaths with new GC municipality clusters emerging in rural areas. In contrast, during this period, mortality rates decreased in South, Southeast, and Central-West regions with better socioeconomic status in agreement with previous study [12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…A previous study from Brazil has shown that the rates decreased in the Central-West, Southeast, and South regions, remained relatively stable in the North, and increased in the Northeast from 1980 to 2009 [11]. Another study has shown that the rates for 2005-2010 were higher in the South and Southeast regions; however, as the rates reduced in the Central-West and South, they proportionally increased in the Northern regions [12]. In our study, GC mortality rate was evaluated by including both underlying and associated causes of death, which increased GC mortality rate by about 5%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In 2015, there were an estimated 1.3 (1.2-1.4) million new cases worldwide of GC, 819,000 (795,000-844,000) deaths, and 17.4 (16.9-18) million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) with 98.0% caused by years of life lost (YLLs) and 2% by years lived with disability (YLDs) [1]. Interestingly, while most countries have reported an increase of 5-year survival rates, in Brazil decreasing rates were observed [6,9,11,12]. A previous study from Brazil has shown that the rates decreased in the Central-West, Southeast, and South regions, remained relatively stable in the North, and increased in the Northeast from 1980 to 2009 [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The South and South-East of Brazil are considered the most socially and economically developed areas of the country, while the North and Northeast have been traditionally less developed areas. However, in the past decades the latter areas have developed more rapidly [8,12], which likely led to better access to health care and improvement of death registry data. However, despite the fact that the state of Ceará was found to have such an improvement, even when compared with other states within the North and Northeast areas, it only by itself may not justify the increased GC mortality rates that occurred in the last years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low socioeconomic status has been associated with higher risk of GC incidence, regardless of sex or country of origin [10]. There are few studies on GC-related mortality showing different epidemiological patterns among the different Brazilian geographic regions [9,11,12]. Overall, male sex, increased age and lower socio-economic status are associated with higher mortality [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unequal burden of mortality from gastric cancer in Brazil and its regions, 2000–2015

Braga¹,

Ramos

Neto³

et al. 2019

Gastric Cancer

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Background Gastric cancer (GC) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, population-based data on GC mortality dynamics in low and middle income countries are scarce. Methods We analyzed GC mortality in Brazil based on all GC-related deaths registered 2000-2015.Results A total of 17,374,134 deaths were recorded, with GC identified in 214,808 (1.24%) cases-203,941 (94.9%) as underlying cause, and 10,867 (5.1%) as associated cause of death. Adjusted rates for age and sex was 6.85 deaths/100,000 inhabitants [95% confidence interval (CI) 6.73-6.97]. The highest mortality rates were found in males [10.00; rate ratio (RR) 1.85; 95% CI 1.78-1.91; p < 0.0001] and patients ≥ 45 years of age (24.98; RR 3.79; 95% CI 3.55-4.05; p < 0.0001). The South (7.56; RR 1.62; 95% CI 1.50-1.76; p < 0.0001) and Southeast (7.36; RR 1.59; 95% CI 1.48-1.71; p < 0.0001) regions had the highest regional rates. Spatial and spatiotemporal high-risk mortality areas in 2004-2007 were located mainly in the South, Southeast, and Central-West regions. After 2008, the Northeast region became a high-risk area, especially Ceará State. Conclusion GC remains a significant public health problem with high mortality burden and unequal distribution in Brazilian states. The new patterns in poorer regions and the high risk in some specific populations show a clear process of epidemiological transition over time. There is a need to strengthen nationwide epidemiological monitoring, surveillance, prevention, and control for GC in the country.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unequal burden of mortality from gastric cancer in Brazil and its regions, 2000–2015

Braga¹,

Ramos

Neto³

et al. 2019

Gastric Cancer

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The remarkable geographical pattern of gastric cancer mortality in Ecuador

Montero‐Oleas

Núñez-González

Simancas‐Racines

2017

Cancer Epidemiology

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Time trends and geographic distribution of hepatocellular carcinoma in Brazil: An ecological study

et al. 2022

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The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing globally, and HCC is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. This ecological study aimed to investigate the time trends and geographic distribution of HCC in Brazil. Data from the Brazilian Health Public System were retrospectively collected from January 2005 to December 2018. Hospitalization and intrahospital lethality rates for HCC were stratified by age and sex. Hospitalization rates and associated lethality per 100,000 inhabitants in each municipality were included in a worksheet to build maps displaying the estimates and the geographic distribution of HCC. From 2005 to 2018, a total of 75,466 admissions for HCC were registered and the mean hospitalizations increased from 2.1 to 5.8/100,000 inhabitants (176%). The greatest increase occurred among patients older than 50, particularly in males above 70 years old. Prevalence rates increased throughout the country, with the highest levels detected in the South and Southeast. However, the increase was proportionally higher in the Northeast (377%), especially in municipalities not integrated into metropolitan regions. The HCC lethality rate remained relatively stable in both sexes, ranging from 21% to 25% (19%), but it was higher among older patients. The length of hospital stay did not differ between survivors and nonsurvivors throughout the study period. HCC hospitalizations are rising, particularly above 50 years of age and in rural areas, not paralleled by lethality rates. This suggests ongoing changes in environmental and socioeconomic factors in Brazil. Abbreviations: HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma, ICD-10 = International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision, MR = metropolitan region.

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Ecological study of gastric cancer in Brazil: Geographic and time trend analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

Unequal burden of mortality from gastric cancer in Brazil and its regions, 2000–2015

Unequal burden of mortality from gastric cancer in Brazil and its regions, 2000–2015

The remarkable geographical pattern of gastric cancer mortality in Ecuador

Time trends and geographic distribution of hepatocellular carcinoma in Brazil: An ecological study

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