Ecologies of Social Movements: Student Mobilization during the 1989 Prodemocracy Movement in Beijing

Zhao, Dingxin

doi:10.1086/231399

Cited by 285 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Besides well-known studies that helped establish the fact (e.g., Orum 1972;Curtis and Zurcher 1973;Tilly, Tilly, and Tilly 1975;Morris 1984;McAdam 1999), a host of more recent works have confirmed it in new and creative ways. For example, in his work on the 1989 Chinese student movement, Zhao (1998) shows how the dense ecology of college campuses in Beijing served as the locus of initial mobilization. Glenn (2001), among others, documents the role that a network of independent theater companies played in the origins of the Civic Forum Movement in Czechoslovakia.…”

Section: Social Appropriation and Its Organizational Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

Civil Society Reconsidered: The Durable Nature and Community Structure of Collective Civic Action

Sampson

McAdam

MacIndoe

et al. 2005

American Journal of Sociology

311

257

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The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Simó n Weffer-Elizondo Harvard UniversityThis article develops a conceptual framework on civil society that shifts the dominant focus on individuals to collective action eventscivic and protest alike-that bring people together in public to realize a common purpose. Analyzing over 4,000 events in the Chicago area from 1970 to 2000, the authors find that while civic engagement is durable overall, "sixties-style" protest declines, and hybrid events that combine public claims making with civic forms of behaviorwhat they call "blended social action"-increase. Furthermore, dense social ties, group memberships, and neighborly exchange do not predict community variations in collective action. The density of nonprofit organizations matters instead, suggesting that declines in traditional social capital may not be as consequential for civic capacity as commonly thought.

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Section: Social Appropriation and Its Organizational Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

Civil Society Reconsidered: The Durable Nature and Community Structure of Collective Civic Action

Sampson

McAdam

MacIndoe

et al. 2005

American Journal of Sociology

311

257

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Or, l'analyse écologique permet de mettre en évidence que sur certains sites, même pendant les périodes de cycle bas d'action collective ou de répression (Zhao 1998), des luttes intenses, des innovations techniques et des renouvellements générationnels peuvent avoir lieu. Le maintien de l'action collective ne serait donc pas seulement fonction d'un temps opportun ou non, mais également d'un lieu opportun.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

L’action collective protestataire dans le Japon contemporain : analyse spatiale d’une tradition cachée

Malinas

2014

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Depuis la crise des années 1990, une des transformations les plus importantes du Japon concerne le rôle de la société civile. Si de nombreuses études ont été réalisées pour analyser et réfléchir à la montée du bénévolat, peu de recherches ont analysé la dimension proprement politique de ce renouveau. Plus exactement, les travaux qui traitent de la dynamique des mouvements sociaux au Japon insistent surtout sur son déclin continu. Comment rendre compte alors du mouvement des sans-abri des années 1990, du très médiatique « haken mura (village des intérimaires) » de 2008, ou plus récemment encore d’actions de protestations localisées, mais intégrées au mouvement international des « indignés » ?Le recours à l’analyse spatiale permet de mettre en évidence que, même en période de faible activisme, certains sites peuvent être particulièrement politisés et assurer le maintien et le renouvellement de l’engagement. La mobilisation autour de la question de la pauvreté, si elle semble débuter au début des années 1990, possède ainsi toute une histoire, celle d’une fraction de la nouvelle gauche jusqu’alors oubliée.Since the 90s, one of the major transformations that affected Japanese society is the growing importance of civil society. In this regard, many researchers have focused on the rise of volunteer action. Few have examined its political dimension but most conclude that it is weak or even structurally impossible. A common point of these studies is that they fail to account for the growth of a strong, national and disruptive anti-poverty social movement that started in the 90s.I propose a spatial analysis of social movement sustainability to understand how, even during periods of low social mobilization, some specific sites support a high level of politicization. These local sites assure the continuity and the renewal of the activist’s engagement, the evolution of the action repertory and the ideological framework. I emphasize that mobilization against poverty, though recognized in the beginning of the 90s, has a long history. It is the one faction of the new left that has largely been forgotten until now

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“…Dingxin Zhao's interviews with student informants in Beijing, regarding how the ecology of the universities facilitated strategies for collective action, led him to conclude that ecological conditions can also form ecology-dependent dynamics of mobilization: "It shaped students' spatial activities on the campus, creating a few places that most students had to pass or stay daily. These places became centers of student mobilization…The concentration of many universities in one district encouraged mutual imitation and interuniversity competition for activism among students from different universities" (Zhao 1998 The apogee of the student protests in Egypt occurred in the 1970s when hundreds of thousands of students from different universities occupied Tahrir Square and demanded that Anwar Sadat attack Israel to reclaim occupied land. Following years of student protests outside university walls, in 1979 "the government clipped the students' wings by passing a new university law which forbade political activity by students-effectively confining student demonstrations to the campuses" (Schemm 2002).…”

Section: 3: Doxa and Opinion-undermining Mubarak's Hegemonymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contentious Roots of the Egyptian Revolution

Badran

2014

Globalizations

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Ecologies of Social Movements: Student Mobilization during the 1989 Prodemocracy Movement in Beijing

Cited by 285 publications

References 43 publications

Civil Society Reconsidered: The Durable Nature and Community Structure of Collective Civic Action

Civil Society Reconsidered: The Durable Nature and Community Structure of Collective Civic Action

L’action collective protestataire dans le Japon contemporain : analyse spatiale d’une tradition cachée

The Contentious Roots of the Egyptian Revolution

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