Ecology of invertebrate predators in a Coastal Plain stream

Smith, Lane C.; Smock, Leonard A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1992.tb00590.x

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Weihrauch & Borcherding, 2002). Because they are the top invertebrate predators in the shallow littoral zone of lakes and streams (Smith & Smock, 1992;Burcher & Smock, 2002;Worthen, 2002), a decrease in the abundance of this dragonfly guild could affect lower trophic levels and alter lake dynamics (e.g. Dodds, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of larval dragonflies to zebra mussel colonization and its effect on larval movement and survivorship

et al. 2008

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Colonization by the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, was quantified for five dragonfly species that differed in size and larval habits in a Michigan lake. Both larger size and a non-burrowing habit independently increased susceptibility to colonization. In 2005, over 50% of the final instars of the sprawlers Didymops transversa and Hagenius brevistylus were colonized, as well as younger instars. Rarely colonized were Progomphus obscurus and Dromogomphus spinosus, whose larvae burrow under sand, and the sprawler Epitheca princeps, whose final instars were lightly covered with sand. Hagenius larvae that had been preyed upon carried more mussels than those dying of other causes. More generally, mussel attachment decreased the probability that sprawlers left the water to emerge, the distance that some species traveled before emerging, and the ability of an overturned sprawler to right itself. On average, final instars of Didymops and Hagenius remaining in the water carried three times as many mussels as individuals known to emerge.Compared to uncolonized individuals, Epitheca and Progomphus with mussels emerged closer to the water line. Among colonized Didymops, the distance traveled on land before emerging decreased with increasing mussel load. Of the colonized Didymops that could right themselves, righting time increased with mussel load. Because the two common species of sprawlers were disproportionately colonized, and mussel attachment decreased their chances of emerging, our results suggest that D. polymorpha has the potential to affect the community structure of this guild of aquatic and terrestrial predators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of larval dragonflies to zebra mussel colonization and its effect on larval movement and survivorship

et al. 2008

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“…This paper represents one of the first attempts to quantify the food web of predaceous invertebrates in a lotic system through the estimation of prey‐specific ingestion (also see Hall et al ., in press ). Such an undertaking first requires a reasonably detailed characterization of feeding relationships among constituent species, something that has rarely been done in streams and rivers (but see Smith & Smock, 1992; Closs & Lake, 1994; Lancaster & Robertson, 1995; Tavares‐Cromar & Williams, 1996). Although we identified prey in guts to the family or order level, our assignment of species‐specific consumption of other predators (as prey) according to their relative production seems reasonable, unless there is strong predator selection of prey within family or order.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such inclusive production studies, often including the entire invertebrate community, now have been completed for several lotic systems, especially in the southeastern U.S.A. (e.g. Huryn & Wallace, 1987; Lugthart & Wallace, 1992; Smith & Smock 1992; Grubaugh & Wallace, 1995; Wallace et al ., 1997, 1999). Our estimates of total predator production on snags are most comparable to those found in the Satilla River, another Coastal Plain blackwater river of similar size that is two river basins south of the Ogeechee River (Benke et al ., 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Huryn (1996, 1998) estimated production of invertebrates and fishes in another New Zealand stream, attempting to take all food sources into account, and found that fishes required the consumption of almost all invertebrate production to maintain their energetic needs. Smith & Smock (1992) estimated that predaceous invertebrates could consume 94% of the production of channel‐surface invertebrates in Virginia streams, but that this amount could be as low as 66% if invertebrate production in the hyporheic zone were included. Wallace et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food web quantification using secondary production analysis: predaceous invertebrates of the snag habitat in a subtropical river

et al. 2001

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1. Secondary production was estimated for Plecoptera, Odonata and Megaloptera (mostly large predators) occurring on the snag habitat of a subtropical blackwater river in the southeastern U.S.A. Coastal Plain for 2 years. Production estimates and gut analyses were used in estimating species‐specific ingestion to construct a quantitative food web of the predator portion of the invertebrate assemblage. Neither basal resources (e.g. detritus) nor predaceous vertebrates (e.g. fishes) were considered in this analysis. A discharge‐specific model of snag‐habitat availability was used to convert values per m2 of snag surface to values per m2 of river bed.  2. These three orders included the major large predators on the snag habitat, as well as two detritivorous stoneflies. The major predators were the hellgrammite (Corydaluscornutus), five perlid stoneflies (Paragnetinakansensis, Perlestaplacida, Neoperlaclymene, Acroneuriaevoluta and Acroneuriaabnormis) and two dragonflies (Neurocorduliamolesta and Boyeriavinosa). The detritivores were Pteronarcysdorsata and Taeniopteryxlita.  3. Total predator production was high, but varied from only 7.1 to 7.4 g dry mass (DM) m−2 y−1 of snag surface (2.4–2.7 g DM m−2 y−1 of river bed) over two years. Corydalus was the largest predator and had the highest production (2.8–3.1 g DM m−2 of snag surface). The most productive stoneflies were Perlesta (0.7–1.0 g DM m−2 of snag surface) and Paragnetina (1.0–1.3 g DM m−2 of snag surface). The most productive dragonfly was Neurocordulia (0.7–1.9 g DM m−2 of snag surface). Production of the non‐predaceous stoneflies was 1.0–2.3 g DM m−2 of snag surface. Production values per m2 of river bed were 2–3.5 times lower than the values per m2 snag surface.  4. Measurement of ingestion fluxes within the predator portion of the food web showed that predaceous invertebrates were primarily supported by chironomid and mayfly prey. However, the greatest consumption of chironomids and mayflies was by omnivorous hydropsychid caddisflies, which had a considerably higher production than the larger predators. There was a hierarchy of feeding with Corydalus as top predator consuming all other groups, followed in order by dragonflies, stoneflies and hydropsychids. Although the feeding hierarchy suggested the presence of four predatory trophic levels within the invertebrate assemblage, calculations of trophic position indicated there were less than two. With primary consumers (e.g. midges) having a trophic position of 2, Corydalus had a trophic position of only 3.5.  5. A relatively high fraction of invertebrate production was consumed by predaceous invertebrates, ranging from 9 to >100% for various primary consumer groups, with total consumption representing 52% of total production. Because these estimates do not include vertebrate consumption or emergence, it means that a high fraction of larval mortality is due to predation.

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“…The fauna, in turn, constitute an important part of the diet of many freshwater fishes (Williams 1981;McNicol et al 1985;Brown et al 1989;Schmid-Araya & Schmid 2000;Ranga Reddy 2001) and predaceous invertebrates (Benke & Wallace 1980;Schmith & Smock 1992;SchmidAraya & Schmid 2000). The usefulness of hyporheic fauna as indicators (biosensors) of anthropogenic impacts such as pollution has also been documented for certain groups (Notenboom et al 1994;Boulton 2000a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the little-known hyporheic biodiversity of India, with annotated checklist of copepods and bathynellaceans (Crustacea) and a note on the disastrous implications of indiscriminate sand mining

Reddy¹

2014

J. Threat. Taxa

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Author Details: The author is an Emeritus Fellow and specializes in the taxonomy and biogeography of freshwater free-living copepods and also groundwater copepods and bathynellaceans (Crustacea) of India. Acknowledgements:The author is grateful to the authorities of Acharya Nagarjuna University for extending necessary facilities. The author also expresses his grateful thanks to the anonymous reviewers for providing several critical comments. Abstract:The vast and ecologically diversified hyporheic realm and the adjacent riparian areas of India have received scant attention from the standpoint of biodiversity studies. Analysis of about 2500 samples collected from the alluvial sediments of certain rivers and streams, besides some bores in the riparian zone, mainly in the coastal deltaic belt of the rivers Krishna and Godavari in Andhra Pradesh State during 2000-2012 yielded 41 copepod and bathynellacean species. Of these, 31 new species have been formally described during the ongoing studies whereas the remainder are previously known ones. An annotated checklist of all these taxa is presented, giving the type locality and other localities of occurrence, methods of sampling, chief references, and also some taxonomic and/or ecological remarks wherever necessary. The harpacticoid copepod family Parastenocarididae and the eumalacostracan order Bathynellacea are two significant, major groups of stygofauna that have been recorded for the first time from India. Both these groups and also some cyclopoid copepods have clear-cut Gondwanan lineages, representing the remnants of unique ancient fauna that require urgent attention from conservationists in order that the overall evolutionary history of the Indian biota is preserved. A note is also added on the devastating influence of the ongoing rampant sand mining activity on the hyporheic biodiversity.

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Ecology of invertebrate predators in a Coastal Plain stream

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Susceptibility of larval dragonflies to zebra mussel colonization and its effect on larval movement and survivorship

Susceptibility of larval dragonflies to zebra mussel colonization and its effect on larval movement and survivorship

Food web quantification using secondary production analysis: predaceous invertebrates of the snag habitat in a subtropical river

On the little-known hyporheic biodiversity of India, with annotated checklist of copepods and bathynellaceans (Crustacea) and a note on the disastrous implications of indiscriminate sand mining

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