Ecology of Yersinia pestis and the Epidemiology of Plague

Abstract

This chapter summarizes information about the natural foci of plague in the world. We describe the location, main hosts, and vectors of Yersinia pestis. The ecological features of the hosts and vectors of plague are listed, including predators - birds and mammals and their role in the epizootic. The epizootic process in plague and the factors affecting the dynamics of epizootic activity of natural foci of Y. pestis are described in detail. The mathematical models of the epizootic process in plague and predictive models are briefly described. The most comprehensive list of the hosts and vectors of Y. pestis in the world is presented as well.

Bacterial outer membrane constriction

“…For example; the Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae, which possess an Lpp, Pal and OmpA (Fig. A) have evolved to occupy a dynamic range of niches with species able to survive transitioning between animal digestive systems and mucosa, soil and fresh or saline water (Johnson, ; Dubyanskiy and Yeszhanov, ; Jang et al ., ). Each species must be able to continue to grow and divide in changing osmotic, pH and temperature conditions from host to environment, and back again in some cases.…”

Descriptions of two new species of flea of the genus Plocopsylla in northwestern Argentina

“…Within the subgenus Plocopsylla , Plocopsylla ( P .) hector is reportedly a vector of plague in Ecuador (Lewis, ), parasitizing rodents of the genus Thomasomys belonging to the subfamily Sigmodontinae (Dubyanskiy & Yeszhanov, ). In the present study, all species identified as hosts of the new flea species are sigmodontine rodents.…”

“…In Bolivia and Peru, plague is endemic in the Andean region and several rodents (Sigmodontine and Murinae) have been identified as reservoirs (Ruiz, 2001;Álvaro et al, 2013;Schneider et al, 2014). Within the subgenus Plocopsylla, Plocopsylla (P.) hector is reportedly a vector of plague in Ecuador (Lewis, 1993), parasitizing rodents of the genus Thomasomys belonging to the subfamily Sigmodontinae (Dubyanskiy & Yeszhanov, 2016). In the present study, all species identified as hosts of the new flea species are sigmodontine rodents.…”

“…Plague has recently been documented in Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil and Peru (Bitam et al ., ). The genus Plocopsylla is considered one of the plague vectors (Lewis, ); its hosts are mainly sigmodontine rodents (Dubyanskiy & Yeszhanov, ).…”

Second International Conference on Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

“…Vladimir presented the forecasting model, which was developed based on non-homogeneous sequential pattern recognition procedures used previously for plague prediction (Dubyanskiy and Yeszhanov, 2016; Dubyansky et al, 1992; Gubler, 1978). Monthly values of climatic factors (e.g., average temperature, relative air humidity, rainfall, snow cover depth, atmospheric pressure) and epidemiological data (e.g., number of cases in the past year, numbers of localities with reported CCHF activity) are used as predictors.…”