Economic Analysis: Trickling Filter/Activated Sludge or Nitrifying Trickling Filter/Activated Sludge?

Abstract

The performance and economic simulation and modeling are crucial for accurate and rapid designing, construction, and forecasting future economic needs of municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs). In this study, combined nitrifying trickling filter/activated sludge (NTF/AS) process was suggested for the modernization of a MWWTP and the performance and economics of MWWTPs based on the combined TF/AS process and combined NTF/AS process were analyzed and compared. In real, the performance, total project construction, total operation labor, total maintenance labor, total material, total chemical, total energy, and total amortization costs of these proposed MWWTPs were calculated and compared. Under the used design criteria and operational conditions in this study, the project construction cost of the MWWTP based on TF/AS was 15.25 % higher than that of the MWWTP based on NTF/AS. Also, MWWTP based on NTF/AS was cost effective and the material and amortization costs for both plants were higher in comparison with the operation, maintenance, energy, and chemical costs. It is necessary to note that this study is a computer simulation for a case and drawing general conclusions only on the basis of this simulation may be insufficient.

Desulfurization of Iron Ores: Processes and Challenges

“…Owing to the high SO2 removal efficiencies from 50% up to 98%; probable reusable of reaction products; relatively simple retrofitting; and relatively lower price and availability of reagents; until now most widely used technology in the removal of sulfur from flue gas is flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technology in which sulfur gases react with alkali chemical material and goes out from the gas phase. In once‐through FGD technologies, the spent sorbent is disposed of as a waste or utilized as a byproduct while in regenerable FGD technologies, absorbed or reacted sulfur compounds is released from the sorbent during the sorbent's regeneration, and the SO2 may be further processed to yield sulfuric acid, elemental sulfur, or liquid sulfur dioxide .…”

Utilization of Deposited Coke on Zeolites During the Catalytic Cracking of Nitrogen‐Containing Polymer for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

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Preventing SOx Emissions through Process Control: Interdigital Capacitors for On-Site Monitoring of Thiophene-Based Environmental Pollutants in Oil Refineries

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