“…Commonly, food consumption is determined by economic, social, and cultural factors, where economic factors include individual income, prices, availability, population, etc., while social factors comprise family size, education, location, etc., and culture includes beliefs, ideologies, unwritten norms, motivations, attitudes and knowledge about food. Decreasing food loss and waste came to be an urgent need to achieve the global transformation of agro-food system to be more sustainable and resilient with the climate change (Ali et al, 2021b). Globally, one-third of the food produced for human needs is lost or wasted over the entire food supply chain 1 , where grown but lost or wasted food has significant environmental and economic costs (Ali et al, 2021b;Gustavsson and Stage, 2011).…”