Economic Burden of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Einarson, Thomas R.; Acs, Annabel; Ludwig, Craig; Panton, Ulrik Haagen

doi:10.1016/j.jval.2017.12.019

Cited by 221 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Understanding the economic burden of CVD in patients with T2DM is important to inform the development of holistic and cost-effective prevention and management strategies for T2DM. A recent systematic review of global data reported that the presence of CVD increases annual costs in patients with T2DM by $3418 to $9705 (2016 US$) as compared to patients having T2DM without CVD [7]. Nationwide data on the impact of CVD on overall treatment costs in patients with T2DM in the US are somewhat limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a real-world setting

Weng

Tian

Kong

et al. 2020

Clin Diabetes Endocrinol

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Background: This study evaluated the impact of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) on healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study using US claims data. Adult patients with T2DM were stratified by presence or absence of ASCVD and compared regarding annual (2015) healthcare resource utilization and associated costs. Subgroup analyses were conducted for three age groups (18-44, 45-64, and ≥ 65 years). Results: Among 1,202,596 eligible patients with T2DM, 45.2% had documented ASCVD. The proportions of patients with inpatient and ER-based resource utilization during 2015 were three-to-four times greater in the ASCVD cohort as compared to the non-ASCVD cohort for the categories of inpatient visits (15.6% vs 4.4% of patients), outpatient ER visits (18.4% vs 5.2% of patients), and inpatient ER visits (4.3% vs 0.9% of patients). Outpatient utilization also was higher among patients with ASCVD as compared to those without ASCVD (mean number of annual office visits per patient, 9.1 vs 5.6), and more than twice as many patients with ASCVD had ≥ 9 office visits (43.5% vs 19.8%). Average perpatient total healthcare cost was $22,977 for ASCVD vs $9735 for non-ASCVD, with medical costs primarily driving the difference ($17,849 vs $6079); the difference in pharmacy costs was smaller ($5128 vs $3656). In the 18-44, 45-64, and ≥ 65 age subgroups respectively, total annual healthcare costs were 143, 127, and 114% higher in ASCVD vs non-ASCVD patients. Conclusions: These findings indicate significantly higher healthcare resource utilization and associated costs in patients having T2DM with ASCVD compared to T2DM without ASCVD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a real-world setting

Weng

Tian

Kong

et al. 2020

Clin Diabetes Endocrinol

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“…Учитывая сведения о продолжающемся росте числа лиц, страдающих и ИБС, и СД 2 типа, актуальными становятся экономические аспекты, связанные с лечением таких пациентов. Коморбидность увеличивает объем прямых затрат на лечение обоих заболеваний в мультипликативной форме как на популяционном уровне, так и на уровне конкретного пациента [13].…”

Section: маркеры эндотелиальной дисфункции: е-селектин эндотелин-1 иunclassified

Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction: E-selectin, Endothelin-1 and von Willebrand Factor in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease, Including in Combination with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Zhito

Yusupova

Privalova

et al. 2020

Racionalʹnaâ farmakoterapiâ v kardiologii

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The prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) in Russia and in the world continues to increase. Despite the prevention and optimization of therapy, CHD retains its leadership among all causes of death, and the mortality rate from type 2 diabetes and its complications gradually increases too. To improve the treatment of the above mentioned diseases, it is necessary to clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms of their development. The formation of endothelial dysfunction, characterized by an increase in the level of cell adhesion molecules and vasoconstriction, is a common link characteristic for the course and progression of CHD and type 2 diabetes. This article presents an analysis of preand clinical studies on the role of endothelial dysfunction markers: cell adhesion molecules (E-selectin), vasoconstriction (endothelin-1) and von Willebrand factor in patients with CHD, including those with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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“…In the United States (US), the annual cost of diabetes is approximately $327 billion (2017 estimate) . Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 DM and contributes to the economic burden of type 2 DM . ASCVD affecting multiple vascular beds (ie, brain, heart, peripheral vascular) has been associated with higher vascular event rates than single‐bed disease .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease by vascular bed and impact on healthcare costs in a large, real‐world population with type 2 diabetes

Weng

Kong

Ganguly

et al. 2020

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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Introduction:The purpose of this study was to assess prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) according to number of affected vascular beds and the impact on healthcare utilization and costs in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) and established ASCVD. Methods:In this retrospective, cross-sectional analysis, adults with type 2 DM and ASCVD in a large US administrative claims database were categorized by number of ASCVD-affected vascular beds (brain, heart, peripheral vasculature). Annual healthcare utilization and costs for 2015 were determined, including subgroup analyses by age group (18-44, 45-64, ≥65 years). Results:Among 539 089 individuals with type 2 DM and ASCVD, 47.0% had ASCVD affecting >1 vascular bed. The most prevalent ASCVD diagnoses were acute coronary syndrome (26.6%), peripheral arterial disease (24.5%) and stroke (18.6%). Mean annual total healthcare costs per person increased with increasing number of vascular beds, from 1 ($17 741) to 2 ($25 877) to 3 ($33 412). A similar pattern of increased healthcare utilization with increasing number of vascular beds was observed. Among individuals with 1 affected vascular bed, mean total healthcare costs per person were comparable across age subgroups; however, if >1 vascular bed was affected, the mean total healthcare costs were highest in the youngest age cohort. Conclusions:These real-world data showed that almost half of individuals with type 2 DM and ASCVD had ASCVD affecting >1 vascular bed. A higher number of affected vascular beds were associated with higher mean total healthcare costs and utilization, with a disproportionate increase noted in younger relative to older people. K E Y W O R D S atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disorders, coronary disease, epidemiology, peripheral vascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, vascular diseases This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section. How to cite this article: Weng W, Kong SX, Ganguly R, et al. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease by vascular bed and impact on healthcare costs in a large, real-world population with type 2 diabetes. Endocrinol Diab Metab. 2020;3:e00106.

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Economic Burden of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Abstract: Globally, CVD has a substantial impact on direct medical costs of T2DM at both the patient and population levels.

Cited by 221 publications

References 51 publications

Impact of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a real-world setting

Impact of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a real-world setting

Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction: E-selectin, Endothelin-1 and von Willebrand Factor in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease, Including in Combination with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease by vascular bed and impact on healthcare costs in a large, real‐world population with type 2 diabetes

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