Economic drivers of mineral supply

Wagner, Lorie A.; Sullivan, Daniel E.; Sznopek, John L.

doi:10.3133/ofr02335

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…With an estimated population of 9.7 billion in 2050 and the least developed countries among the fastest growing in the world in this period, there is an emerging pressure regarding resources use and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals amid this scenario (United Nations, 2022). Some argue that many of the minerals that the population demands exist in practically inexhaustible amounts but mining them comes with direct or accumulative environmental consequences that can pose serious threats to ecosystems and human health (Wagner, Sullivan and Sznopek, 2002). Declining ore grades is already observed in the copper mining industry, either due to a change in the type of mined deposit, with a rise in the share of relatively lowgrade porphyry deposits, or the ageing of many mines (Crowson, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper market in view of sustainable global trends: demand forecast and systematic review of secondary sources

Soares¹

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This article aims to present the status of solar and wind energy technologies and electric vehicles in the world and their potential expansion, quantifying the demand for copper from wind and solar energy, and electric cars and buses. Understanding how solar and wind energy and electric vehicles will impact copper demand is paramount to secure supply and enable the energy transition. Projections of solar panel and wind energy installation, and electric vehicle fleet originate from the International Energy Agency whereas the copper content in these technologies is taken from different papers. Growth in solar and wind energy technologies and electric vehicles has been consistent and robust, with solar and wind installed capacity rising annually 33.2% and 13.9%, respectively, from 2010 to 2021 and electric vehicle fleet increasing annually 86.6% in the same period. With projected continuous growth, solar photovoltaic panels and wind turbines are anticipated to need 2,661,122 and 1,309,828 tonnes of copper by 2050, respectively, based on the Announced Pledges Scenario and average intensity. By 2030, EVs are expected to be responsible for at least 1,875,490 tonnes of copper demand, considering the most pessimistic scenario in terms of adoption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper market in view of sustainable global trends: demand forecast and systematic review of secondary sources

Soares¹

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“…De um modo geral, analistas de negócios acham que o equilíbrio entre oferta e procura é o que determina o preço; analistas de investimentos acham que são as expectativas que desempenham um papel importante na sua determinação; analistas de commodities acham que os preços aumentam com o decréscimo do número de semanas de duração dos estoques e, finalmente, os analistas do mercado financeiro acham por sua vez que o aumento do investimento especulativo em commodities é o responsável pelo aumento dos preços. A seu modo, todos tem parte da razão Wagner (2003),. explica os mecanismos de oferta e demanda que atuam nos preços e volumes de commodities negociadas no mercado, como resultado das mudanças de necessidades e aspirações das pessoas, da evolução das tecnologias utilizadas para acompanhar estas mudanças, das mudanças das fontes de recursos naturais e de outros fatores produtivos.…”

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