Economic growth, air pollution and health outcomes in Nigeria: A moderated mediation model

Urhie, Ese; Afolabi, A.O.; Matthew, Oluwatoyin; Osabohien, Romanus; Ewetan, Olabanji Olukayode

doi:10.1080/23311886.2020.1719570

Cited by 35 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For example, Bedir ( 6 ), Payandeh et al ( 7 ), and Kumar et al ( 8 ) point out that the increase of residents' disposable income during boom periods guarantees their ability to pay for medical needs, resulting in more increases in health expenditure. Badulescu et al ( 9 ), Haseeb et al ( 10 ), Wang et al ( 11 ), Mujtaba and Shahzad ( 12 ), and Urhie et al ( 13 ) claim that economic booms are associated with worse environmental quality, which in turn results in lower population health and more expenditure on health.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are some differences between emerging economies and developed economies in political, economic, and cultural aspects ( 35 – 37 ), and business cycles may have different effects on health expenditure. Second, most studies have discussed the counter-cyclical or pro-cyclical effects of business cycles on health expenditure from the following perspectives, such as medical affordability ( 6 – 8 ), environmental quality ( 9 – 13 ), universal healthcare ( 15 ), aging population ( 15 ), and population health ( 16 – 26 ). However, we find nearly no related studies that explore the above relationship from the role of income inequality.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is, economic booms lead to more health expenditure, while recessions have a negative effect on health expenditure. The studies also have stated that there are many reasons for the above situations, such as medical affordability (6)(7)(8) and environmental quality (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). However, some scholars have claimed that the link between business cycles and health expenditure varies with the income level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Business Cycles on Health Expenditure: A Story of Income Inequality in China

Zeng

Luo

2021

Front. Public Health

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Using the panel data of 31 regions in China from 2002 to 2018, this study aims to investigate the effect of business cycles on health expenditure from the role of income inequality. We find that health expenditure experiences a change from pro-cyclical to counter-cyclical with business cycles. Specifically, business cycles have a different influence on health expenditure before and after the financial crisis in 2008. Our findings also show that income inequality can moderate the impact of business cycles on health expenditure in China. More importantly, the role of income inequality in the above issue varies from different regions. We conclude that the government should try to take active steps to control health expenditure by decreasing income inequality.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effect of Business Cycles on Health Expenditure: A Story of Income Inequality in China

Zeng

Luo

2021

Front. Public Health

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“…That was introduced at the World Summit on Nutrition in 1996. Food security occurs at all levels of social and economic cadres, and describes assess to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to meet their lives Urhie et al, 2020). For a family, food security simply implies that all members of the family have enough food to eat when it is needed to enable them continue living in good health and vitality.…”

Section: Literature Review and Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Emissions, Agricultural Output and Life Expectancy in West Africa

Matthew

Owolabi

Osabohien

et al. 2020

IJEEP

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Carbon emissions are basically gaseous substances that are generated from human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, into the atmosphere, and these emissions affect agricultural output and human health. The rising level of carbon emissions into the atmosphere has become a problem worldwide. Thus, this study examined the effect of carbon emissions on agricultural output and life expectancy in West Africa using data that spanned the period between 2000 and 2018. The study employed the two stage least squares econometric technique. The findings from the study revealed that a 1% increase in carbon emissions bring about a 3.818% reduction in agricultural output, that is, carbon emissions adversely affect agricultural output in West Africa. Also, a 1% increase in carbon emissions bring about a 0.123% increase in life expectancy, that is, carbon emissions boost life expectancy in West Africa. Therefore, this study recommends that the governments of the West African countries should formulate environmental policies that will help mitigate the adverse impact of carbon dioxide emissions on the agricultural sector, and also improve on healthcare delivery in the hospitals so as to reduce the mortality rate, this will help increase life expectancy in West Africa.

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“…With per capita income as the proxy for economic growth, a review of some studies on the energy-growth-emissions dynamics in Africa shows that economic growth in the short-run significantly increases CO 2 emissions [ 5 ]; energy use plays a significant role in increasing economic growth and financial development without aggravating pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa [ 6 ]; energy use has substantial and positive effect on economic growth [ 7 , 8 ]; biomass energy use lowers carbon emissions and a feedback effect between economic growth and carbon emissions exists [ 9 , 10 ]; economic growth exert a deteriorating impact on the environment in the short-run [ 11 ]; energy consumption and economic growth play key roles in environmental degradation and pollution in Africa [ 12 ]; energy intensifies carbon emissions [ 8 , 13 ]; economic growth aggravates CO 2 emissions [ 14 , 15 ]; and that per capita energy has a significant long run effect in raising CO 2 levels [ 16 ]. Given the interlocking impact of energy and economic growth on carbon emissions, it becomes necessary to examine if economic growth can stem the aggravating impact of energy on carbon emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy use and the role of per capita income on carbon emissions in African countries

et al. 2021

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This study contributes towards the realization of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 which aims “take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts” by investigating the role of per capita income in moderating the impact of energy use on carbon emissions. Using data from 28 selected African countries covering 1990 to 2019 and deploying the FGLS, PCSE, and MM-QR techniques, findings reveal, among others, that: at the 1% significance level, a percentage change in energy use leads to between 0.60% and 0.70% increase in carbon emissions, on average, ceteris paribus. Correspondingly, income shows to be a positive driver of emissions contributing between 0.87% and 0.84% percentage increase, on average, ceteris paribus. Also, per capita income attenuates the impact of energy use on emissions by between -0.27% and -0.23%, on average, ceteris paribus. However, significant heterogeneities occur across the sub-regions. Specifically, Southern Africa shows the largest energy contributor to emissions 1.65% while Central Africa contributes the most to aggravating emissions by 1.87% through increase in per capita income. West Africa shows the largest moderation effect at -0.56%. Across the quartiles, the effects of energy use and per capita are positive. Given these, we submit that the strong correlation between energy usage and per capita income (i.e. economic growth) poses a dilemma for African economies in their drive for growth. Leaving room for trade-offs. Perhaps, the lesson is that as African countries seek for more development without contributing to carbon emissions, governments should invest more in renewable energy.

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Economic growth, air pollution and health outcomes in Nigeria: A moderated mediation model

Cited by 35 publications

References 14 publications

The Effect of Business Cycles on Health Expenditure: A Story of Income Inequality in China

The Effect of Business Cycles on Health Expenditure: A Story of Income Inequality in China

Carbon Emissions, Agricultural Output and Life Expectancy in West Africa

Energy use and the role of per capita income on carbon emissions in African countries

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