Economic impact of a ban on the use of over the counter antibiotics in U.S. swine rations

Hayes, Dermot J.; Jensen, Helen H.; Bäckström, L; Fabiosa, Jacinto F.

doi:10.1016/s1096-7508(01)00071-4

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Biodegradation of erythromycin in sediment systems was observed as increased 14 CO 2 evolution in non-autoclaved sediment-containing systems. The PWS and PWS+M treatments displayed higher mineralization rates compared to PW and APWS treatments due to microorganisms present in the sediment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…One environmental entry point of antibiotics is through land application of manure (7,12,13). Antibiotics are administered to livestock and poultry for treatment of infections as well as for disease prevention, growth promotion, and feed efficiency (14,15). The majority of the antibiotics administered to agricultural animals are excreted as parent compound, due to low absorption rates (16,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of Erythromycin in Sediment-Containing Surface Water Microcosms: How Does Aged Erythromycin in Sediment Influence Bioavailability?

Jessick

Coats

2013

ACS Symposium Series

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The detection of antibiotics in water and sediment systems is of concern due to the potential adverse effects which could be associated with their environmental fate. The central aim of this study was to evaluate the fate of erythromycin in microcosms consisting of pond water and submerged pond sediment. The first study examined the dissipation of erythromycin from spiked water and total recovery of [14C]-erythromycin from water and sediment within microcosms ranged between 90.1% and 48% throughout the 63-day study. Erythromycin was reduced in surface water of sediment-containing systems by day 7, which corresponded to an increase of eryrthromycin detected in sediment. In the second study the availability of aged erythromycin was evaluated by incubating sediment with and without a manure amendment with [14C]-erythromycin for 0, 1, 3, or 8 weeks; followed by assessing movement and availability of erythromycin in sediment microcosms after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. Results indicated differences in residues from aged sediment, with and without manure additions, in extractable residues at day 7 and 14. The addition of manure resulted in greater extractable erythromycin from aged sediments than from sediments without manure. There was a greater release of erythromycin to the water overlying the manure-treated sediments with fresh and 1 week aged sediment than the unamended sediment after 1 and 2 weeks. The results from this experiment demonstrate the ability of manure to influence the fate of erythromycin in environmental matrices. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. The detection of antibiotics in water and sediment systems is of concern due to the potential adverse effects which could be associated with their environmental fate. The central aim of this study was to evaluate the fate of erythromycin in microcosms consisting of pond water and submerged pond sediment. The first study examined the dissipation of erythromycin from spiked water and total recovery of [ 14 C]-erythromycin from water and sediment within microcosms ranged between 90.1% and 48% throughout the 63-day study. Erythromycin was reduced in surface water of sediment-containing systems by day 7, which corresponded to an increase of eryrthromycin detected in sediment. In the second study the availability of aged erythromycin was evaluated by incubating sediment with and without a manure amendment with [ 14 C]-erythromycin for 0, 1, 3, or 8 weeks; followed by assessing movement and availability of erythromycin in sediment microcosms after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. Results indicated differences in residues from aged sediment, with and without manure additions, in extractable residues at day 7 and 14. The addition of manure resulted in greater extractable erythromycin from aged sediments than from sediments without manure. There was a greater release of erythromycin to the water overlying the manure-treated

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Erythromycin in Sediment-Containing Surface Water Microcosms: How Does Aged Erythromycin in Sediment Influence Bioavailability?

Jessick

Coats

2013

ACS Symposium Series

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“…Much research has been done to date on the cost of AGP removal in the swine industry as well as its impact on prices at the consumer level. Some studies focus on aggregate supply and demand impacts (e.g., Brorsen, Lehenbauer, Dasheng, & Connor, 2002;Wade & Barkley, 1992) whereas others have focused on farm level impacts (Hayes & Jensen, 2003;Hayes, Jensen, Backstrom, & Fabiosa, 2001;Miller, Liu, McNamara, & Bush, 2003). Hayes and Jensen (2003) and Hayes et al (2001) extrapolate U.S. farm level impacts of a partial or full ban from European pre-and postban data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies focus on aggregate supply and demand impacts (e.g., Brorsen, Lehenbauer, Dasheng, & Connor, 2002;Wade & Barkley, 1992) whereas others have focused on farm level impacts (Hayes & Jensen, 2003;Hayes, Jensen, Backstrom, & Fabiosa, 2001;Miller, Liu, McNamara, & Bush, 2003). Hayes and Jensen (2003) and Hayes et al (2001) extrapolate U.S. farm level impacts of a partial or full ban from European pre-and postban data. Using data from the Danish transition to AGP-free production, Hayes and Jensen (2003) estimate that U.S. production cost would increase by an average of $4.50 per hog in the first year of a ban and concede that the number may vary widely across farms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Banning subtherapeutic antibiotics in U.S. swine production: a simulation of impacts on industry structure

Hogberg¹,

Raper²,

Oehmke³

2009

Agribusiness

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Recent discussions of a subtherapeutic antibiotic ban in U.S. livestock gives rise to much speculation regarding industry impacts. Swine producers are heterogeneous; thus, a ban on subtherapeutic antibiotics could affect producers of different sizes, cost structures, different production systems and management styles differently. The authors combine average cost data with physical production data to simulate the impact of a subtherapeutic antibiotics ban on high, middle, and low-cost producers in different types of swine production operations. Their results suggest that although economies of scale would still be important, the ban would potentially limit or reduce economies of scale in the swine industry. [JEL Codes: L11, Q12, Q13]. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Public concerns surrounding the antibiotic resistance issue led to the elimination of prophylactic antibiotic use in animal agriculture in Denmark (20,34). This cessation of the use of prophylactic antibiotics in pig production caused increases in the rate of PWD and a 30% increase in piglet mortality (34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Inclusion of Colicin E1 Is Effective in Preventing Postweaning Diarrhea Caused by F18-Positive Escherichia coli in Pigs

Cutler

Lonergan

Cornick

et al. 2007

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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With worldwide concern over the use of antibiotics in animal agriculture and their contribution to the spread of antibiotic resistance, alternatives to conventional antibiotics are needed. Previous research in our laboratories has shown that colicin E1 is effective against some Escherichia coli strains responsible for postweaning diarrhea (PWD) in vitro. In this study we examined the efficacy of the dietary inclusion of colicin E1 in preventing experimentally induced PWD caused by F18-positive enterotoxigenic E. coli in young pigs. Twentyfour weaned pigs (23 days of age), identified by genotyping to be susceptible to F18-positive E. coli infections, were individually housed and fed diets containing 0, 11, or 16.5 mg colicin E1/kg diet. Two days after the start of the trial, all animals were orally inoculated with 1 ؋ 10 9 CFU of each of two F18-positive E. coli strains isolated from pigs with PWD. The dietary inclusion of colicin E1 decreased the incidence and severity of PWD caused by F18-positive enterotoxigenic E. coli and improved the growth performance of the piglets. Additionally, the reduced incidence of PWD due to dietary colicin E1, lowered the levels of expression of the genes for interleukin 1␤ and tumor necrosis factor beta in ileal tissues from these animals. The dietary inclusion of colicin E1 may be an effective alternative to conventional antibiotics in the diets of weaning pigs for the prevention of PWD caused by F18-positive enterotoxigenic E. coli.Postweaning diarrhea (PWD) is a serious threat to the economic success of the swine industry both due to losses as a result of mortalities and due to the reduced growth performance of surviving pigs. It is estimated that 50% of piglet mortality due to diarrhea is attributable to the causative agent of PWD, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) (18). The ETEC strains most commonly associated with PWD possess either the F4 or the F18 fimibrial type (11, 39). As a result of the significant impact that F18-positive ETEC and other bacterial infections can have on pig production, prophylactic antibiotics are frequently included in the diets of young pigs in an attempt to prevent ETEC colonization and the resulting PWD. An estimated 78% of large swine farms in the United States include subtherapeutic concentrations of antibiotics in the diets for young pigs (36). Despite the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, 40.7% of these farms reported the occurrence of diarrhea caused by E. coli infections (36). The lack of the effective prevention of PWD with the use of prophylactic antibiotics is not surprising because of the frequency and spectrum of antibiotic resistance seen among ETEC strains (7,23,25). It is expected that antibiotic resistance will further increase among these strains, based on the overall increase in resistance to antibiotics by ETEC strains over the last 20 years (25).With worldwide concern over the use of prophylactic antibiotics in animal agriculture and its contribution to the spread of antibiotic resistance (12,34,38), the development of alte...

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Economic impact of a ban on the use of over the counter antibiotics in U.S. swine rations

Cited by 34 publications

References 2 publications

Fate of Erythromycin in Sediment-Containing Surface Water Microcosms: How Does Aged Erythromycin in Sediment Influence Bioavailability?

Fate of Erythromycin in Sediment-Containing Surface Water Microcosms: How Does Aged Erythromycin in Sediment Influence Bioavailability?

Banning subtherapeutic antibiotics in U.S. swine production: a simulation of impacts on industry structure

Dietary Inclusion of Colicin E1 Is Effective in Preventing Postweaning Diarrhea Caused by F18-Positive Escherichia coli in Pigs

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