Economic Impact of Tobacco Price Increases Through Taxation

Contreary, Kara; Chattopadhyay, Sajal K.; Hopkins, David P.; Chaloupka, Frank J.; Forster, Jean L.; Grimshaw, Victoria; Holmes, Carissa Baker; Goetzel, Ron Z.; Fielding, Jonathan E.

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.04.026

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For example, ENDS were searched for even more in states with high versus low cigarette taxes 29 and similarly searched for in states with strong versus weak clean indoor air laws. 30 By contrast, there was a strong positive association between anti-smoking norms and vaping searches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the Rise of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Using Search Query Surveillance

Ayers

Althouse

Allem

et al. 2016

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Introduction Public perceptions of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) remain poorly understood because surveys are too costly to regularly implement and when implemented there are large delays between data collection and dissemination. Search query surveillance has bridged some of these gaps. Herein, ENDS’ popularity in the U.S. is reassessed using Google searches. Methods ENDS searches originating in the U.S. from January 2009 through January 2015 were disaggregated by terms focused on e-cigarette (e.g., e-cig) versus vaping (e.g., vapers), their geolocation (e.g., state), the aggregate tobacco control measures corresponding to their geolocation (e.g., clean indoor air laws), and by terms that indicated the searcher’s potential interest (e.g., buy e-cigs likely indicates shopping); all analyzed in 2015. Results ENDS searches are increasing across the entire U.S., with 8,498,180 searches during 2014. At the same time, searches shifted from e-cigarette- to vaping-focused terms, especially in coastal states and states with more anti-smoking norms. For example, nationally, e-cigarette searches declined 9% (95% CI=1%, 16%) during 2014 compared with 2013, whereas vaping searches increased 136% (95% CI=97%, 186%), surpassing e-cigarette searches. More ENDS searches were related to shopping (e.g., vape shop) than health concerns (e.g., vaping risks) or cessation (e.g., quit smoking with e-cigs), with shopping searches nearly doubling during 2014. Conclusions ENDS popularity is rapidly growing and evolving, and monitoring searches has provided these timely insights. These findings may inform survey questionnaire development for follow-up investigation and immediately guide policy debates about how the public perceives ENDS’ health risks or cessation benefits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the Rise of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Using Search Query Surveillance

Ayers

Althouse

Allem

et al. 2016

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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“…Indeed, the observed change of retail policy activities was somewhat misaligned with the evidence base—the greatest increase in state policy activity was to regulate e-cigarettes, arguably the least harmful tobacco product 35. Over the two survey years, there was only a modest increase in non-tax mechanisms to increase the price of tobacco products, in spite of robust evidence that higher prices deter tobacco use, particularly among vulnerable populations 36. Progress towards evidence-based policymaking to regulate the retail environment requires better infrastructure for the rapid translation and dissemination of retail policy research that would inform strategic investment of limited state and local tobacco control resources to maximise public health benefits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco retail policy landscape: a longitudinal survey of US states

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThere are ∼380 000 tobacco retailers in the USA, where the largest tobacco companies spend almost $9 billion a year to promote their products. No systematic survey has been conducted of state-level activities to regulate the retail environment, thus little is known about what policies are being planned, proposed or implemented.MethodsThis longitudinal study is the first US survey of state tobacco control programmes (TCPs) about retail policy activities. Surveyed in 2012 and 2014, programme managers (n=46) reported activities in multiple domains: e-cigarettes, retailer density and licensing, non-tax price increases, product placement, advertising and promotion, health warnings and other approaches. Policy activities were reported in one of five levels: no formal activity, planning or advocating, policy was proposed, policy was enacted or policy was implemented. Overall and domain-specific activity scores were calculated for each state.ResultsThe average retail policy activity almost doubled between 2012 and 2014. States with the largest increase in scores included: Minnesota, which established a fee-based tobacco retail licensing system and banned self-service for e-cigarettes and all other tobacco products (OTP); Oregon, Kansas and Maine, all of which banned self-service for OTP; and West Virginia, which banned some types of flavoured OTP.ConclusionsRetail policy activities in US states increased dramatically in a short time. Given what is known about the impact of the retail environment on tobacco use by youth and adults, state and local TCPs may want diversify policy priorities by implementing retail policies alongside tax and smoke-free air laws.

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“…A similar search strategy was followed to review the cancer organization's website, using specific phrases such as ‘alcohol policy’, ‘alcohol tax’, ‘tobacco policy’ and ‘tobacco tax’. Because alcohol and tobacco taxes have strong evidence of reducing public consumption, we focused on statements regarding tax policy in particular . All pages found were reviewed thoroughly and recorded to assess each cancer organization's stance on tax policy as a means of cancer prevention through reduced substance use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Cancer Societies and their public statements on alcohol consumption and cancer risk

2018

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Analysis in 2017 of the websites for national cancer societies in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States-including Cancer Council Australia, the Canadian Cancer Society, the Irish Cancer Society, Cancer Society New Zealand, Cancer Research UK and the American Cancer Society-shows that only the American Cancer Society and Canadian Cancer Society websites fail to state that alcohol is a group 1 carcinogen and can cause cancer at low doses, and that there is no safe threshold for cancer risk.

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Economic Impact of Tobacco Price Increases Through Taxation

Cited by 43 publications

References 12 publications

Revisiting the Rise of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Using Search Query Surveillance

Revisiting the Rise of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Using Search Query Surveillance

Tobacco retail policy landscape: a longitudinal survey of US states

National Cancer Societies and their public statements on alcohol consumption and cancer risk

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